Page not found – Countries Please https://www.programingplease.com Thu, 28 Mar 2024 11:59:03 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=4.9.25 Morocco Travel Advice https://www.programingplease.com/morocco-travel-advice.html Thu, 28 Mar 2024 11:59:03 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1728 Embarking on an Exotic Adventure: A Comprehensive Guide to Traveling in Morocco

Nestled in the northwest corner of Africa, Morocco beckons travelers with its vibrant culture, stunning landscapes, and rich history. From the bustling souks of Marrakech to the majestic dunes of the Sahara Desert, Morocco offers a sensory journey like no other.

Entry Requirements: Before planning your trip to Morocco, it’s essential to understand the entry requirements. Most visitors to Morocco need a valid passport and a visa to enter the country, which can be obtained upon arrival for citizens of many countries. However, visa requirements vary depending on your nationality, so it’s advisable to check the latest entry requirements with the Moroccan embassy or consulate in your country before traveling.

Safety Tips: According to BAGLIB, Morocco is generally a safe destination for travelers, but like any country, it’s important to take certain precautions to ensure a safe and enjoyable trip. Here are some safety tips for visitors to Morocco:

  1. Stay informed: Stay informed about local news, developments, and safety alerts during your stay in Morocco. Monitor travel advisories issued by your government and stay updated on any security threats, natural disasters, or civil unrest in the area you’re visiting.
  2. Respect local customs and traditions: Respect Moroccan culture and customs during your visit, including dress codes, religious practices, and social etiquette. Dress modestly when visiting religious sites or conservative areas, and be mindful of public displays of affection, especially during the holy month of Ramadan.
  3. Be cautious of petty theft: Exercise caution with your belongings and valuables to prevent theft and pickpocketing, especially in crowded tourist areas, markets, and transportation hubs. Keep your belongings secure and avoid carrying large sums of cash or valuable items in public.
  4. Use licensed taxis: Use licensed taxis or reputable transportation services for getting around cities and towns in Morocco, especially at night. Negotiate fares in advance or insist on using the meter to avoid overcharging, and ensure that the driver knows your destination before starting your journey.
  5. Avoid street food: While Moroccan cuisine is delicious and diverse, be cautious when consuming street food to avoid foodborne illnesses. Stick to reputable restaurants and eateries with good hygiene practices, and avoid raw or undercooked foods, particularly meats and seafood.
  6. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of bottled or purified water to stay hydrated, especially in hot and arid regions such as the Sahara Desert. Carry a reusable water bottle and refill it with safe drinking water from trusted sources to avoid dehydration and heat-related illnesses.

Transportation Options: Getting around Morocco is relatively easy, with a variety of transportation options available to travelers. Here are some transportation options for getting around Morocco:

  1. Trains: Morocco’s train network is a convenient and affordable option for traveling between major cities and towns. The national railway company, ONCF, operates modern trains with comfortable seating and air conditioning, offering both first-class and second-class compartments. Book tickets in advance for long-distance journeys, especially during peak travel seasons.
  2. Buses: Public buses and private coaches operate between cities, towns, and rural areas in Morocco, providing an inexpensive and efficient mode of transportation for budget-conscious travelers. Several bus companies operate scheduled services with varying levels of comfort and amenities, including express and luxury buses with air conditioning and reclining seats.
  3. Taxis: Taxis are readily available in cities and towns throughout Morocco, offering a convenient way to get around independently. In urban areas, taxis are typically metered, while in rural areas, fares may be negotiated in advance. Use licensed taxis with meters or reputable taxi services to ensure a safe and reliable journey.
  4. Grand taxis: Grand taxis are shared taxis that operate between cities and towns, providing an affordable option for long-distance travel. These taxis are usually old Mercedes-Benz sedans or station wagons painted in distinctive colors, and they depart from designated taxi stands or transportation hubs.
  5. Car rentals: Renting a car is a popular option for travelers who want to explore Morocco independently and at their own pace. Several international car rental companies operate in major cities and airports, offering a range of vehicles from compact cars to SUVs and 4x4s. Be prepared for driving on uneven roads and varied terrain, especially when venturing into rural areas or mountainous regions.

Accommodation Choices: Morocco offers a wide range of accommodation options to suit every budget and preference, from luxury riads and boutique hotels to budget-friendly hostels and guesthouses. Here are some popular accommodation choices in Morocco:

  1. Riads: Stay in a traditional riad, a Moroccan-style house or palace with an interior courtyard or garden, often converted into a boutique hotel or guesthouse. Riads feature ornate architecture, intricate tilework, and tranquil courtyards, providing an oasis of calm and relaxation amidst the hustle and bustle of Moroccan cities.
  2. Boutique hotels: Discover boutique hotels tucked away in historic medinas, seaside resorts, and rural landscapes, offering personalized service, stylish accommodations, and modern amenities. Boutique hotels in Morocco range from luxurious riads and kasbahs to contemporary villas and eco-friendly lodges.
  3. Guesthouses: Experience Moroccan hospitality firsthand by staying at a guesthouse or bed and breakfast hosted by local families. Guesthouses offer cozy accommodations, home-cooked meals, and personalized service, allowing travelers to connect with local communities and immerse themselves in Moroccan culture.
  4. Budget hostels: Budget-conscious travelers and backpackers can find affordable accommodations at hostels and dormitory-style guesthouses in major cities and tourist destinations. Hostels offer shared dormitories, communal spaces, and social activities, making them ideal for meeting fellow travelers and exchanging travel tips.
  5. Campsites: Camp under the stars in the Sahara Desert or along the coastlines of Morocco at designated campsites and desert camps. Experience the magic of sleeping under the open sky, listening to the sounds of nature, and watching the sunrise or sunset over the dunes or mountains.

Must-Visit Attractions: Morocco is home to a wealth of cultural landmarks, historical sites, and natural wonders waiting to be explored. Here are some must-visit attractions in Morocco:

  1. Marrakech: Explore the bustling streets, vibrant souks, and historic landmarks of Marrakech, one of Morocco’s most iconic cities. Discover the UNESCO-listed medina, Djemaa el-Fna square, Bahia Palace, and Koutoubia Mosque, and immerse yourself in the sights, sounds, and scents of this mesmerizing city.
  2. Fes: Step back in time in the ancient city of Fes, known for its well-preserved medina, labyrinthine alleyways, and centuries-old madrasas and mosques. Explore the UNESCO-listed medina of Fes el-Bali, visit the iconic Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque and University, and experience the vibrant atmosphere of the tanneries and souks.
  3. Chefchaouen: Discover the enchanting blue city of Chefchaouen, nestled in the Rif Mountains of northern Morocco. Wander through the narrow cobblestone streets lined with blue-washed houses, browse artisan shops selling handicrafts and souvenirs

Unveiling the Mystique of Morocco: A Comprehensive Guide to Traveling in the Kingdom

Nestled at the crossroads of Africa and Europe, Morocco is a land of captivating contrasts, where ancient traditions blend seamlessly with modern influences. From the bustling souks of Marrakech to the majestic peaks of the Atlas Mountains, Morocco offers travelers an unforgettable journey through vibrant cities, diverse landscapes, and rich cultural heritage. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve into everything you need to know about traveling to Morocco, including entry requirements, safety tips, transportation options, accommodation choices, and must-visit attractions.

Entry Requirements: Before planning your trip to Morocco, it’s essential to understand the entry requirements. Most visitors to Morocco need a valid passport and a visa to enter the country, which can be obtained upon arrival at major airports and border crossings or in advance through the Moroccan embassy or consulate in your country. Visa requirements vary depending on your nationality, so it’s advisable to check the latest entry requirements with the Moroccan embassy or consulate before traveling.

Safety Tips: Morocco is generally a safe destination for travelers, but like any country, it’s important to take certain precautions to ensure a safe and enjoyable trip. Here are some safety tips for visitors to Morocco:

  1. Stay vigilant in crowded areas: Exercise caution in crowded areas such as markets, souks, and tourist attractions, where pickpocketing and petty theft are common. Keep your belongings secure and avoid carrying large sums of cash or valuable items in public.
  2. Respect local customs and traditions: Respect Moroccan culture and customs during your visit, including dress codes, religious practices, and social etiquette. Dress modestly, particularly when visiting religious sites or rural areas, and avoid public displays of affection.
  3. Be cautious of scams: Be wary of scams and touts targeting tourists, such as fake guides, overpriced souvenirs, and misleading offers. Only use licensed guides and tour operators, negotiate prices in advance, and avoid engaging with suspicious individuals or street hustlers.
  4. Stay informed about local conditions: Stay informed about local news, developments, and safety alerts during your stay in Morocco. Monitor travel advisories issued by your government and stay updated on any security threats, natural disasters, or civil unrest in the area you’re visiting.
  5. Use licensed transportation: Use licensed taxis, buses, and tour operators for transportation within Morocco, and avoid traveling with unregistered or unofficial providers. Verify that taxis have meters or agree on fares in advance, and use reputable companies for organized tours and excursions.

Transportation Options: Getting around Morocco is relatively easy, with a variety of transportation options available to travelers. Here are some transportation options for getting around Morocco:

  1. Trains: Morocco has a well-developed railway network operated by ONCF (Office National des Chemins de Fer), offering comfortable and efficient train services between major cities and tourist destinations. Traveling by train is a convenient option for long-distance travel, with first-class and second-class seating options available.
  2. Buses: Public buses and private coach companies operate extensive networks of intercity and regional bus services throughout Morocco. Buses are a cost-effective option for traveling between cities and towns, although they can be crowded and subject to delays, especially on popular routes.
  3. Taxis: Taxis are widely available in Moroccan cities and towns, offering convenient door-to-door transportation for short trips and excursions. In major cities like Marrakech and Casablanca, you’ll find both petit taxis (small taxis) for local trips within city limits and grand taxis (shared taxis) for longer distances and rural areas.
  4. Renting a car: Renting a car is a popular option for travelers who want to explore Morocco independently and at their own pace. Several international car rental companies operate in major cities and airports, offering a range of vehicles from compact cars to SUVs and 4x4s. Be prepared for driving on uneven roads and varied terrain, especially when venturing into rural areas or the Atlas Mountains.
  5. Shared taxis: Shared taxis, known as grands taxis, operate on fixed routes between cities and towns in Morocco, providing a cost-effective option for long-distance travel. Grands taxis are usually old Mercedes-Benz sedans or station wagons that accommodate multiple passengers and luggage, departing when full.

Accommodation Choices: Morocco offers a diverse range of accommodation options to suit every budget and preference, from luxurious riads and boutique hotels to budget-friendly hostels and guesthouses. Here are some popular accommodation choices in Morocco:

  1. Riads: Experience traditional Moroccan hospitality by staying at a riad, a traditional Moroccan house or palace with an interior courtyard or garden. Riads are often beautifully decorated with intricate tilework, carved wood, and colorful textiles, offering an authentic and intimate atmosphere in the heart of the medina (old town).
  2. Boutique hotels: Discover boutique hotels tucked away in historic buildings and renovated palaces in Morocco’s imperial cities and coastal towns. These stylish and intimate accommodations offer personalized service, elegant design, and modern amenities for a memorable stay.
  3. Guesthouses: Stay at a guesthouse or bed and breakfast to experience Moroccan hospitality firsthand and connect with local hosts and fellow travelers. Guesthouses offer comfortable accommodations, home-cooked meals, and opportunities for cultural exchange in a relaxed and welcoming environment.
  4. Desert camps: Immerse yourself in the magic of the Sahara Desert by staying at a desert camp or tented camp in Erg Chebbi or Erg Chigaga. Spend a night under the stars in traditional Berber-style tents, enjoy camel treks, desert safaris, and cultural experiences, and witness breathtaking sunrises and sunsets over the dunes.
  5. Budget hostels: Budget-conscious travelers will find a range of hostels and backpacker accommodations in Moroccan cities and tourist areas, offering affordable dormitory-style rooms, shared facilities, and communal spaces for socializing and meeting fellow travelers.

Must-Visit Attractions: Morocco boasts a wealth of attractions and landmarks, from ancient medinas and historic monuments to natural wonders and cultural experiences. Here are some must-visit attractions in Morocco:

  1. Marrakech: Explore the bustling medina of Marrakech, with its maze-like alleyways, vibrant souks, and iconic landmarks such as Jemaa el-Fnaa square, Koutoubia Mosque, and Bahia Palace. Discover hidden gems like the Majorelle Garden, Saadian Tombs, and Ben Youssef Madrasa, and immerse yourself in the city’s rich history and vibrant culture.
  2. Fes: Step back in time in the medieval medina of Fes, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Explore the labyrinthine streets, bustling markets, and historic landmarks such as Bab Boujloud, Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque, and Bou Inania Madrasa, and experience the timeless charm of Morocco’s cultural capital.
  3. Chefchaouen: Discover the enchanting blue city of Chefchaouen, nestled in the foothills of the Rif Mountains in northern Morocco. Wander through the picturesque streets lined with blue-washed houses, shop for handicrafts and souvenirs in the bustling medina, and hike to nearby waterfalls and scenic viewpoints for panoramic views of the surrounding countryside.
  4. Sahara Desert: Embark on a once-in-a-lifetime adventure to the Sahara Desert, where vast expanses of golden sands, towering dunes, and star-studded skies await. Experience the magic of the desert by riding camels into the dunes, spending a night in a traditional Berber camp, and witnessing breathtaking sunrises and sunsets over the desert landscape.
  1. Atlas Mountains: Escape to the Atlas Mountains, a majestic mountain range that stretches across Morocco and offers stunning landscapes, picturesque villages, and outdoor adventures. Explore hiking trails in the High Atlas, visit Berber villages nestled in the valleys, and marvel at cascading waterfalls such as Ouzoud Falls and Setti Fatma.
  2. Essaouira: Experience the laid-back charm of Essaouira, a coastal city known for its historic medina, fortified walls, and windswept beaches. Explore the UNESCO-listed medina, shop for local crafts and seafood at the bustling souks and harbors, and relax on the sandy shores of Essaouira Beach.
  3. Ait Benhaddou: Journey to the ancient ksar (fortified village) of Ait Benhaddou, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and iconic filming location featured in movies such as “Gladiator” and “Game of Thrones.” Explore the maze-like streets, climb to the top of the hill for panoramic views, and learn about the history and heritage of this ancient mud-brick settlement.
  4. Volubilis: Step back in time at Volubilis, an ancient Roman city located near the city of Meknes in northern Morocco. Explore the well-preserved ruins, including temples, basilicas, and mosaics, and imagine life in ancient times as you wander through the archaeological site.

Local Cuisine: Moroccan cuisine is a feast for the senses, with its rich flavors, aromatic spices, and diverse influences from Berber, Arab, Moorish, and Mediterranean culinary traditions. Here are some must-try dishes and culinary experiences in Morocco:

  1. Tagine: Sample tagine, a quintessential Moroccan dish named after the earthenware pot in which it is cooked. Tagine typically consists of slow-cooked meat (such as lamb, chicken, or beef) or vegetables, flavored with a blend of spices, herbs, and dried fruits, and served with couscous or bread.
  2. Couscous: Indulge in couscous, a staple food of Moroccan cuisine made from steamed semolina grains served with a savory stew of meat, vegetables, and chickpeas. Couscous is often enjoyed on Fridays, the traditional day of communal meals in Moroccan households, and during special occasions and celebrations.
  3. Pastilla: Taste pastilla, a savory-sweet Moroccan pie made with layers of thin pastry filled with shredded meat (usually pigeon or chicken), almonds, spices, and eggs, and dusted with powdered sugar and cinnamon. Pastilla is a traditional dish served during weddings, festivals, and other special events.
  4. Harira: Enjoy harira, a hearty Moroccan soup made with tomatoes, lentils, chickpeas, and a variety of aromatic spices, herbs, and vegetables. Harira is often served during Ramadan to break the fast at sunset and is accompanied by dates and sweet pastries.
  5. Mint tea: Savor mint tea, the national drink of Morocco, made with green tea, fresh mint leaves, and sugar. Mint tea is a symbol of hospitality and friendship in Moroccan culture and is traditionally served to guests upon arrival and during social gatherings and ceremonies.

Health and Safety: Ensuring your health and safety during your travels in Morocco is essential for a memorable and worry-free experience. Here are some health and safety tips to keep in mind:

  1. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of bottled or purified water to stay hydrated, especially in hot and arid climates. Avoid tap water, ice cubes, and uncooked foods washed in tap water to prevent waterborne illnesses such as diarrhea and gastroenteritis.
  2. Protect against the sun: Protect yourself from the sun’s harmful rays by wearing sunscreen with a high SPF, sunglasses, and a wide-brimmed hat, especially during the summer months when temperatures can soar. Seek shade and take breaks indoors during the hottest part of the day to avoid heatstroke and sunburn.
  3. Be cautious of street food: While street food can be delicious and affordable, exercise caution when consuming food from street vendors to avoid foodborne illnesses. Choose vendors with clean and hygienic cooking practices, opt for freshly cooked and hot dishes, and avoid raw or undercooked foods.
  4. Prevent insect bites: Protect yourself from insect bites by using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants, and sleeping under mosquito nets, especially in rural areas and during the evening and nighttime hours. Consider taking antimalarial medication and using mosquito nets and screens to minimize the risk of mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue fever and malaria.
  5. Stay informed: Stay informed about local laws, regulations, and customs in Morocco to avoid inadvertently violating cultural or legal norms. Be aware of restrictions on photography, alcohol consumption, and public behavior, and always follow the guidance of local authorities and community leaders.

By following these tips and recommendations, you’ll be well-prepared to embark on an unforgettable journey through the mystique of Morocco, where ancient traditions, vibrant culture, and breathtaking landscapes await at every turn. So pack your bags, immerse yourself in the beauty and charm of Morocco, and prepare for an adventure of a lifetime.

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Weathe by Month in Myanmar https://www.programingplease.com/weathe-by-month-in-myanmar.html Tue, 26 Mar 2024 07:13:25 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1727 Exploring the weather in Myanmar by month provides travelers with valuable insights to plan their visit effectively. Myanmar’s climate is influenced by its geographical location, topography, and monsoon patterns, resulting in distinct weather patterns throughout the year.

January: January marks the peak of the dry season in Myanmar, making it one of the best times to visit for sunny weather and comfortable temperatures. Across the country, temperatures range from 18°C to 32°C (64°F to 90°F), with cooler temperatures in the northern regions and warmer temperatures in the central plains and coastal areas. Rainfall is minimal, allowing visitors to explore popular destinations such as Yangon, Bagan, and Mandalay, where they can discover ancient temples, historic sites, and cultural attractions amidst clear skies and mild weather.

February: According to ask4beauty, February continues the dry and sunny weather in Myanmar, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities, sightseeing, and cultural experiences. Average temperatures range from 19°C to 34°C (66°F to 93°F), with warmer temperatures in the central and southern regions. Travelers can explore iconic landmarks such as the Shwedagon Pagoda in Yangon, the temples of Bagan, and the U Bein Bridge in Mandalay, immersing themselves in the rich history and culture of Myanmar amidst pleasant weather conditions.

March: March signals the end of the dry season in Myanmar, with temperatures starting to rise as the country transitions to the hot season. Average temperatures range from 22°C to 36°C (72°F to 97°F), with higher temperatures and humidity levels in central and southern regions. While northern destinations like Mandalay and Bagan may still experience comfortable weather, coastal areas such as Ngapali and Ngwe Saung can become increasingly hot, making it an ideal time for beach vacations and water activities.

April: April marks the beginning of the hot season in Myanmar, with temperatures reaching their peak across the country. Average temperatures range from 25°C to 38°C (77°F to 100°F), with high humidity levels prevailing throughout the month. While northern regions may experience slightly cooler temperatures, central and southern areas can become extremely hot, prompting many locals to celebrate the Thingyan Water Festival, a traditional New Year celebration where people splash water on each other to symbolize purification and renewal.

May: May continues the hot and humid conditions in Myanmar, with temperatures remaining high and rainfall increasing as the country transitions to the rainy season. Average temperatures range from 25°C to 36°C (77°F to 97°F), with occasional thunderstorms and heavy showers occurring in the afternoons and evenings. While outdoor activities may be limited due to the weather, travelers can still explore cultural sites, markets, and indoor attractions in cities like Yangon, Mandalay, and Bagan.

June: June marks the onset of the rainy season in Myanmar, with increased rainfall and occasional storms affecting various parts of the country. Average temperatures range from 24°C to 33°C (75°F to 91°F), with higher humidity levels and cloudy skies prevailing throughout the month. While coastal destinations like Ngapali and Ngwe Saung may experience intermittent rain showers, inland regions such as Bagan and Mandalay offer opportunities for cultural experiences, temple visits, and river cruises amidst lush green landscapes.

July: July is typically one of the wettest months in Myanmar, with heavy rainfall and occasional flooding occurring in some areas. Average temperatures range from 24°C to 32°C (75°F to 90°F), with high humidity levels and overcast skies prevailing throughout the country. While outdoor activities may be limited due to the weather, travelers can still explore indoor attractions such as museums, galleries, and pagodas in cities like Yangon, Mandalay, and Bagan.

August: August continues the rainy season in Myanmar, with frequent showers and thunderstorms affecting various regions of the country. Average temperatures range from 24°C to 31°C (75°F to 88°F), with lower humidity levels and clearer skies making it an excellent time for cultural experiences, temple visits, and river cruises. While outdoor activities may be limited due to the weather, travelers can still explore the rich cultural heritage of Myanmar and engage with local communities through traditional festivals and events.

September: September is one of the wettest months in Myanmar, with heavy rainfall and occasional flooding affecting many parts of the country. Average temperatures range from 24°C to 31°C (75°F to 88°F), with high humidity levels and overcast skies prevailing throughout the month. While outdoor activities may be limited due to the weather, travelers can still explore indoor attractions such as markets, workshops, and cultural performances in cities like Yangon, Mandalay, and Bagan.

October: October marks the end of the rainy season in Myanmar, with rainfall gradually decreasing and cooler temperatures prevailing as the country transitions to the cool season. Average temperatures range from 23°C to 31°C (73°F to 88°F), with lower humidity levels and clearer skies making it an excellent time for outdoor activities and sightseeing. Travelers can explore popular destinations such as Inle Lake, Kalaw, and Hpa-An, where they can enjoy trekking, boating, and cultural experiences amidst comfortable weather conditions.

November: November heralds the beginning of the cool season in Myanmar, with cooler temperatures and drier weather prevailing throughout the country. Average temperatures range from 20°C to 32°C (68°F to 90°F), with cool evenings and sunny days making it perfect for outdoor adventures, sightseeing, and cultural experiences. Travelers can explore iconic landmarks such as the Golden Rock, the temples of Bagan, and the floating gardens of Inle Lake, immersing themselves in the beauty and diversity of Myanmar’s landscapes and cultures.

December: December is one of the most popular times to visit Myanmar, with pleasant weather, festive celebrations, and vibrant cultural events taking place across the country. Average temperatures range from 18°C to 31°C (64°F to 88°F), with cool evenings and sunny days making it ideal for outdoor activities, sightseeing, and beach vacations. Travelers can experience the vibrant nightlife of Yangon, attend traditional festivals such as the Taunggyi Balloon Festival, or relax on the pristine beaches of Ngapali and Ngwe Saung, soaking in the beauty and warmth of this enchanting destination.

In conclusion, Myanmar’s weather varies by month, offering travelers a diverse range of experiences and activities throughout the year. Whether you prefer sunny beach vacations, cultural festivals, or outdoor adventures, there’s something for everyone to enjoy in this captivating destination. By understanding the weather patterns and temperature ranges for each month, travelers can plan their visit accordingly and make the most of their time exploring the beauty and wonders of Myanmar.

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Geography and History of Albania https://www.programingplease.com/geography-and-history-of-albania.html Wed, 20 Mar 2024 13:30:04 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1724 The geography and history of Albania are intertwined, shaping the country’s identity and development over millennia. Situated on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe, Albania is characterized by its diverse landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and tumultuous history.

Geography of Albania:

According to ask4beauty, Albania’s geographical features play a significant role in shaping its landscape, climate, and economy. Situated on the western Balkan Peninsula, Albania shares borders with Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, North Macedonia to the east, and Greece to the south. To the west, Albania is bounded by the Adriatic Sea, while the Ionian Sea lies to its southwest.

  1. Mountain Ranges:

    Albania is known for its rugged and mountainous terrain, with the Albanian Alps (also known as the Accursed Mountains) dominating the northern region. These mountains, characterized by steep peaks, deep valleys, and dense forests, are a haven for outdoor enthusiasts and offer opportunities for hiking, trekking, and mountaineering.

  2. Coastline:

    Albania boasts a stunning coastline along the Adriatic and Ionian Seas, spanning approximately 476 kilometers (296 miles). The coastline is dotted with picturesque beaches, hidden coves, and rocky cliffs, making it a popular destination for beachgoers and water sports enthusiasts. Notable coastal cities include Durrës, Vlorë, and Sarandë.

  3. Rivers and Lakes:

    Several rivers flow through Albania, including the Drin, Vjosë, and Shkumbin rivers. Lake Shkodra, located in the northwest near the border with Montenegro, is the largest lake in the Balkans and a vital ecological and cultural site. Other significant lakes include Lake Ohrid and Lake Prespa, which are shared with neighboring North Macedonia.

  4. Climate:

    Albania has a Mediterranean climate along the coast, characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Inland areas experience a continental climate, with colder winters and warmer summers. The mountainous regions of the north have a highland climate, with colder temperatures and more precipitation year-round.

  5. Biodiversity:

    Albania is home to a diverse array of flora and fauna, thanks to its varied landscapes and ecosystems. The country boasts numerous national parks and protected areas, such as Llogara National Park, Theth National Park, and Valbona Valley National Park, which harbor rare species of plants and animals.

History of Albania:

Albania’s history is a tapestry of ancient civilizations, empires, and cultural influences that have shaped its identity over thousands of years. From the Illyrians and Greeks to the Romans, Byzantines, and Ottomans, Albania has been influenced by a myriad of civilizations and conquerors throughout its history.

  1. Ancient Period:

    The territory of present-day Albania was inhabited by the Illyrians, an ancient Indo-European people, as early as the Bronze Age. The Illyrians established powerful kingdoms and city-states, known for their skilled craftsmanship, military prowess, and rich cultural heritage. Greek colonization of coastal areas in the 7th century BCE brought Hellenic influence to the region.

  2. Roman and Byzantine Rule:

    Albania became part of the Roman Empire in the 2nd century BCE, with the coastal region known as Illyria becoming a key province. Under Roman rule, Albania experienced economic growth, urbanization, and the spread of Christianity. After the division of the Roman Empire, Albania came under Byzantine control in the 4th century CE, marking the beginning of Orthodox Christianity’s influence.

  3. Medieval Period:

    In the Middle Ages, Albania witnessed the rise of several medieval states and principalities, including the Principality of Arbanon and the Kingdom of Albania. The region experienced invasions by various powers, including the Bulgarians, Normans, and Serbs, leading to periods of instability and conflict.

  4. Ottoman Rule:

    Albania fell under Ottoman rule in the 15th century after the defeat of the medieval Albanian principalities. The Ottoman Empire exerted control over Albania for over four centuries, during which time Islam became the dominant religion, and Albanian culture and identity underwent significant transformation. Despite Ottoman dominance, Albanian resistance movements emerged, striving for autonomy and independence.

  5. National Awakening and Independence:

    The 19th century witnessed a period of national awakening and resurgence of Albanian identity, known as the Albanian National Awakening. Intellectuals, scholars, and patriots played a pivotal role in promoting Albanian language, culture, and nationalism, culminating in the Albanian Declaration of Independence on November 28, 1912.

  6. World Wars and Communist Era:

    Albania experienced significant upheaval during the 20th century, including occupation by Italy and Germany during World War II. After the war, Albania emerged as a communist state under the leadership of Enver Hoxha, implementing strict socialist policies and isolating itself from the outside world. The communist regime lasted until 1991, leaving a legacy of repression, economic stagnation, and isolation.

  7. Post-Communist Era:

    Following the collapse of communism in 1991, Albania embarked on a path of democratic transition and market-oriented reforms. The country faced challenges such as political instability, economic hardship, and social unrest in the aftermath of communism. However, Albania made strides in democratization, joining NATO in 2009 and pursuing European Union membership.

  8. Modern Albania:

    In recent years, Albania has undergone significant changes, experiencing economic growth, infrastructure development, and closer integration with the international community. The country remains committed to European integration and fostering regional cooperation while addressing challenges such as corruption, organized crime, and socio-economic disparities.

Conclusion:

The geography and history of Albania provide a rich tapestry of landscapes, cultures, and traditions that have shaped the country’s identity and development over millennia. From its rugged mountains and pristine coastlines to its ancient civilizations and modern struggles for independence and democracy, Albania’s story is one of resilience, perseverance, and cultural richness. As Albania continues to navigate the challenges of the 21st century, its geographical features and historical legacy remain integral to its identity and future trajectory.

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Panama Location on the Globe https://www.programingplease.com/panama-location-on-the-globe.html Tue, 19 Mar 2024 07:57:45 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1723 Panama, officially known as the Republic of Panama, is a captivating country located in Central America, connecting North and South America.

Geographically, Panama is situated at the southernmost tip of Central America, bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest and Colombia to the southeast. It is strategically located between the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. Its coordinates are approximately between latitudes 7° and 9° N and longitudes 77° and 83° W. Panama covers an area of approximately 75,417 square kilometers (29,119 square miles), making it the 116th largest country in the world.

According to Baglib, the topography of Panama is diverse, featuring rugged mountains, dense rainforests, fertile valleys, and pristine beaches. The country is bisected by the Isthmus of Panama, a narrow land bridge that separates the Caribbean Sea from the Pacific Ocean and connects the continents of North and South America. The backbone of Panama is formed by the Cordillera Central, a mountain range that runs from east to west and reaches its highest point at the summit of Volcán Barú, standing at 3,474 meters (11,398 feet) above sea level.

To the north of the Cordillera Central lies the Caribbean Lowlands, a region characterized by dense tropical rainforests, mangrove swamps, and pristine coral reefs. The Caribbean coastline is dotted with picturesque islands, including the Bocas del Toro archipelago, which is renowned for its stunning natural beauty and vibrant marine life.

To the south of the Cordillera Central lies the Pacific Lowlands, a region dominated by rolling hills, fertile plains, and expansive coastal wetlands. The Pacific coastline is lined with sandy beaches, rocky coves, and mangrove forests, offering ample opportunities for surfing, fishing, and wildlife viewing.

Panama experiences a tropical climate, with distinct wet and dry seasons. The rainy season typically lasts from May to December, with heavy rainfall and high humidity, particularly along the Caribbean coast. The dry season, which runs from January to April, is characterized by sunny skies and warm temperatures, making it the ideal time to visit Panama‘s beaches and outdoor attractions.

From a historical perspective, Panama has a rich and storied past shaped by its strategic location as a crossroads of trade and commerce between the Americas. The Isthmus of Panama has long been recognized as a natural land bridge between North and South America, with indigenous peoples using the route for thousands of years to trade goods and exchange cultural ideas.

The first European explorer to reach Panama was the Spanish conquistador Rodrigo de Bastidas, who landed on its shores in 1501 during his expedition along the Caribbean coast. The Spanish quickly recognized the strategic importance of the Isthmus of Panama as a shortcut for shipping goods between Europe and the newly discovered territories of the Americas.

In 1513, the Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa became the first European to cross the Isthmus of Panama and reach the Pacific Ocean, thus opening a new maritime route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. This discovery paved the way for the establishment of the Spanish colonial empire in the Americas and the subsequent influx of treasure-laden galleons sailing between Spain and its colonies in the New World.

During the colonial period, Panama became a vital hub of trade and commerce, with the city of Panama Viejo (Old Panama) serving as an important port and gateway to the riches of South America. However, the city was repeatedly sacked and plundered by pirates and buccaneers, prompting the Spanish to establish a new settlement, Panama City, further inland.

In 1671, the English pirate Henry Morgan launched a devastating raid on Panama City, looting its treasures and burning the city to the ground. In response, the Spanish authorities decided to relocate the city to a more defensible location, founding the modern-day capital of Panama City in 1673.

Panama remained under Spanish colonial rule until 1821, when it declared independence from Spain and joined the short-lived Republic of Gran Colombia, alongside present-day Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela. In 1903, Panama declared independence from Colombia with the support of the United States, which sought to secure control over the construction of a trans-isthmian canal linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

The construction of the Panama Canal, one of the greatest engineering feats of the 20th century, began in 1904 under the auspices of the United States and was completed in 1914. The canal revolutionized global trade and transportation, providing a crucial shortcut for shipping goods between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and reducing the journey from New York to San Francisco by more than 8,000 miles.

In 1977, the United States and Panama signed the Torrijos-Carter Treaties, which stipulated the gradual transfer of control over the Panama Canal from the United States to Panama. The transfer was completed on December 31, 1999, marking a historic milestone in Panama‘s history and granting the country full sovereignty over its most important waterway.

Today, the Panama Canal remains a vital artery of global trade, handling approximately 5% of the world’s maritime cargo and generating significant revenue for the Panamanian economy. The canal has also become a major tourist attraction, with thousands of visitors flocking to Panama each year to witness the spectacle of massive cargo ships navigating the locks and traversing the canal.

In addition to its strategic importance, Panama is also known for its rich cultural heritage, diverse population, and vibrant arts scene. The country is home to indigenous communities such as the Guna, Emberá, and Ngäbe-Buglé, who have preserved their traditional way of life and cultural practices despite the pressures of modernization.

Panama‘s culture is a melting pot of influences from Europe, Africa, and indigenous America, reflected in its music, dance, cuisine, and festivals. The tamborito, a lively dance accompanied by drums and maracas, is considered the national dance of Panama and is performed at weddings, festivals, and other celebrations throughout the country.

Panamanian cuisine is a delicious fusion of Spanish, African, and indigenous flavors, with dishes featuring fresh seafood, tropical fruits, and hearty stews. Some popular Panamanian dishes include ceviche (marinated raw fish), sancocho (a hearty chicken soup), and arroz con pollo (chicken with rice), often accompanied by patacones (fried green plantains) or yuca frita (fried cassava).

In conclusion, Panama‘s geographical location on the globe places it at the crossroads of the Americas, with a rich history, diverse landscape, and vibrant culture that have captivated travelers for centuries. From the bustling streets of Panama City to the pristine beaches of Bocas del Toro, from the lush rainforests of the Darien Gap to the engineering marvel of the Panama Canal, Panama offers a wealth of experiences for those seeking adventure, culture, and exploration in Central America.

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Geography of Garvin County, Oklahoma https://www.programingplease.com/geography-of-garvin-county-oklahoma.html Thu, 14 Mar 2024 16:11:26 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1722 Garvin County, located in the southern part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, is a region known for its diverse geography, rich history, and abundance of natural resources. Encompassing an area of approximately 814 square miles, Garvin County is situated in the Cross Timbers region and is characterized by its mix of rolling hills, forests, and fertile plains. In this comprehensive overview, we’ll explore the geography, climate, rivers, lakes, and other significant features of Garvin County. Check homethodology to learn more about the state of Oklahoma.

Geography:

Garvin County is bordered by McClain County to the north, Pontotoc County to the east, Murray County to the south, and Stephens County to the west. The county’s geography is primarily characterized by its rolling hills and fertile plains, with elevations ranging from around 800 feet in the eastern part of the county to 1,300 feet in the western part. The county seat and largest city is Pauls Valley, located near the center of the county.

Climate:

The climate of Garvin County is classified as humid subtropical, with four distinct seasons characterized by hot, humid summers and mild winters. The region experiences moderate precipitation throughout the year, with occasional thunderstorms and tornadoes during the spring and summer months. Summers are typically hot and humid, with average high temperatures in the 90s°F range, while winters are mild, with average low temperatures in the 30s°F to 40s°F range.

Cross Timbers:

Garvin County is located within the Cross Timbers region of Oklahoma, a transitional zone between the hardwood forests of the eastern United States and the prairies of the Great Plains. The Cross Timbers are characterized by their mix of oak and hickory woodlands, with scattered patches of prairie and savanna. These woodlands provide habitat for a variety of wildlife and support important ecosystems.

Rivers:

Garvin County is intersected by several rivers and streams that flow through its landscape, providing habitat for wildlife and opportunities for outdoor recreation. These rivers and streams also play a vital role in the region’s economy, providing water for agriculture, industry, and municipal use. Some of the notable rivers in Garvin County include:

  1. Washita River: The Washita River flows through the southern part of Garvin County, originating in western Oklahoma and flowing southeastward to its confluence with the Red River. The river is popular for fishing, particularly for catfish and bass, as well as canoeing, kayaking, and camping along its banks.
  2. Canadian River: The Canadian River forms part of the northern boundary of Garvin County, flowing eastward from its headwaters in New Mexico to its confluence with the Arkansas River in Oklahoma. The river is known for its scenic beauty and provides opportunities for fishing, boating, and wildlife viewing.

Lakes:

While Garvin County does not have many natural lakes, there are several reservoirs and man-made lakes within the county that offer recreational opportunities for residents and visitors. These lakes provide opportunities for fishing, boating, swimming, and picnicking. Some of the notable lakes in Garvin County include:

  1. Chickasaw National Recreation Area: Chickasaw National Recreation Area is located in the northeastern part of Garvin County and encompasses over 9,000 acres of protected land. The recreation area includes several lakes and streams, including Lake of the Arbuckles and Veterans Lake, which offer fishing, boating, swimming, and camping.
  2. Pauls Valley City Lake: Pauls Valley City Lake is located near the city of Pauls Valley and provides opportunities for fishing, boating, and picnicking. The lake is stocked with a variety of fish species, including bass, catfish, and crappie, and is a popular spot for local anglers.

Parks and Recreation Areas:

Garvin County is home to several parks, wildlife refuges, and recreational areas that showcase the region’s natural beauty and provide opportunities for outdoor recreation and leisure. These areas offer hiking trails, camping facilities, picnic areas, and other amenities for visitors to enjoy. Some of the notable parks and recreation areas in Garvin County include:

  1. Turner Falls Park: Turner Falls Park is located in the southeastern part of Garvin County and is home to the tallest waterfall in Oklahoma. The park offers hiking trails, swimming areas, and picnic areas, as well as cabins and campgrounds for overnight stays.
  2. Chickasaw Cultural Center: The Chickasaw Cultural Center is located in the city of Sulphur and celebrates the history, culture, and heritage of the Chickasaw Nation. The center features exhibits, performances, and educational programs that showcase Chickasaw art, music, and traditions.

Agriculture:

Agriculture is an important industry in Garvin County, with a significant portion of the county’s land devoted to farming and ranching. The fertile soil and favorable climate make it suitable for a variety of crops, including wheat, corn, soybeans, and hay. Livestock farming, including cattle and poultry production, is also common in the county.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, Garvin County, Oklahoma, is a region of diverse geography, rich natural resources, and abundant outdoor recreational opportunities. From its rolling hills and woodlands to its rivers and lakes, the county offers a variety of landscapes and activities for residents and visitors to enjoy. Whether you’re exploring the trails of Chickasaw National Recreation Area, fishing on the Washita River, or learning about Chickasaw culture at the Chickasaw Cultural Center, Garvin County has something for everyone to experience and appreciate in the great outdoors.

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Geography of Dewey County, Oklahoma https://www.programingplease.com/geography-of-dewey-county-oklahoma.html Thu, 14 Mar 2024 06:18:27 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1721 Dewey County, located in northwestern Oklahoma, is a region of diverse geography, encompassing rolling prairies, rugged canyons, and meandering rivers. From its expansive grasslands to its unique geological formations, the county offers a variety of landscapes and natural attractions. This comprehensive overview will explore the geography, climate, rivers, lakes, and other prominent features of Dewey County, providing insight into its unique characteristics and environmental significance. Check bittranslators to learn more about the state of Oklahoma.

Geography:

Prairie Landscape:

Dewey County is primarily characterized by its rolling prairies, which stretch across much of the county’s landscape. These vast grasslands are interspersed with groves of trees, shrubs, and occasional rocky outcroppings. The prairies support a variety of grasses and wildflowers and provide habitat for a diverse array of wildlife, including deer, prairie dogs, and various bird species.

Gloss Mountains:

To the northeast of Dewey County lies the Gloss Mountains, also known as the Glass Mountains or the Gloss Hills. These unique geological formations are characterized by their rugged terrain, colorful sandstone cliffs, and shiny gypsum deposits, which give the mountains their distinctive sheen. The Gloss Mountains offer hiking trails and scenic overlooks, providing visitors with panoramic views of the surrounding prairie landscape.

Cimarron River:

The Cimarron River forms the southern boundary of Dewey County, flowing from northeastern New Mexico through the Oklahoma Panhandle and into Kansas. The river meanders through the county’s western edge, carving a scenic valley with steep bluffs and sandstone cliffs. The Cimarron River provides habitat for fish and wildlife and offers opportunities for fishing, canoeing, and camping along its banks.

Lakes and Reservoirs:

Dewey County is home to several lakes and reservoirs, including Canton Lake and Foss Lake. These bodies of water provide recreational opportunities for fishing, boating, swimming, and picnicking, attracting visitors from across the region. Canton Lake, in particular, is known for its bass fishing tournaments and water-based activities.

Washita River:

The Washita River flows through the central portion of Dewey County, joining the Cimarron River near the town of Camargo. The river and its tributaries traverse the county’s prairies and woodlands, providing habitat for wildlife and supporting agricultural activities such as irrigation and livestock watering.

Climate:

Temperature:

Dewey County experiences a semi-arid climate, with hot summers and mild winters. Average temperatures range from the 30s and 40s Fahrenheit in winter to the 80s and 90s in summer. Temperature extremes can occur, with occasional heatwaves in summer and cold snaps in winter.

Precipitation:

Precipitation in Dewey County is relatively low, with an average annual rainfall of around 20 to 25 inches. The majority of precipitation falls during the spring and summer months, often in the form of thunderstorms and heavy downpours. Snowfall is infrequent but can occur during the winter months, particularly in the northern part of the county.

Drought:

Dewey County is prone to periods of drought, which can have significant impacts on agriculture, water resources, and the environment. Drought conditions can lead to reduced crop yields, increased wildfire risk, and stress on natural ecosystems. Water conservation measures and drought-resistant farming practices are important for mitigating the effects of drought in the region.

Economic Activities:

Agriculture:

Agriculture is the primary economic activity in Dewey County, with farmers cultivating crops such as wheat, soybeans, sorghum, and cotton on the county’s fertile soils. Livestock raising, including cattle and sheep, is also prevalent, with ranchers utilizing the prairies and rangelands for grazing. Agriculture contributes significantly to the county’s economy and rural way of life.

Oil and Gas:

The oil and gas industry plays a significant role in Dewey County’s economy, with drilling and production operations occurring throughout the region. The county is part of the Anadarko Basin, which is known for its oil and natural gas reserves. Oil and gas extraction provide employment opportunities and revenue for local governments but also raise environmental and land use concerns.

Tourism and Recreation:

Tourism and recreation are growing industries in Dewey County, thanks to its scenic beauty, outdoor recreational opportunities, and cultural attractions. Visitors come to the county to explore the Gloss Mountains, fish in the lakes and rivers, and experience the region’s natural and cultural heritage. Outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, birdwatching, and hunting are popular among residents and visitors alike.

Conclusion:

Dewey County, Oklahoma, offers a diverse and dynamic landscape that encompasses rolling prairies, rugged mountains, and meandering rivers. From the Gloss Mountains to the Cimarron River Valley, the county’s geography provides a wealth of natural beauty and recreational opportunities for residents and visitors alike. Whether exploring the scenic overlooks of the Gloss Mountains, fishing along the banks of the Cimarron River, or experiencing the tranquility of the prairie landscape, visitors to Dewey County are sure to be captivated by its timeless charm and rugged beauty.

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Geography of Grant County, Oklahoma https://www.programingplease.com/geography-of-grant-county-oklahoma.html Wed, 13 Mar 2024 17:33:54 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1720 Geography of Grant County, Oklahoma

Grant County, located in the north-central part of Oklahoma, is a region characterized by its diverse geography, encompassing rolling plains, agricultural fields, and the winding Arkansas River. This county, situated in the Great Plains region of the United States, offers residents and visitors alike a blend of natural beauty, agricultural heritage, and outdoor recreational opportunities that reflect its rich history and landscape. Check allunitconverters to learn more about the state of Oklahoma.

Terrain and Landforms

The topography of Grant County is relatively flat, with elevations ranging from around 1,000 feet above sea level in the western part of the county to over 1,500 feet in the eastern part near the Arkansas River. The county is primarily composed of rolling plains and agricultural fields, with scattered hills and bluffs along the riverbanks.

One of the defining features of Grant County is the Arkansas River, which flows from its headwaters in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado through the heart of Oklahoma before eventually emptying into the Mississippi River. The river’s meandering course provides habitat for a variety of fish and wildlife, as well as offering opportunities for boating, fishing, and other recreational activities.

In addition to the Arkansas River, Grant County is also home to several other notable landforms, including the Cimarron River to the south and the Salt Fork of the Arkansas River to the north. These rivers meander through the countryside, providing scenic views and serving as important habitats for fish, amphibians, and other aquatic species.

The county’s landscape is further shaped by its numerous creeks, streams, and small rivers, including Turkey Creek, Skeleton Creek, and Sand Creek. These waterways meander through the countryside, providing important water resources for agriculture and serving as vital habitats for wildlife.

Climate

Grant County experiences a semi-arid climate, characterized by hot, dry summers and mild winters. The region’s location in the Great Plains results in a wide range of temperatures throughout the year, with occasional cold Arctic air masses bringing frigid temperatures in the winter and warm, dry air masses bringing hot temperatures in the summer.

Summer temperatures in Grant County typically range from the upper 80s to the low 100s Fahrenheit, with occasional heatwaves pushing temperatures even higher. Low humidity levels and cool evening temperatures provide relief from the daytime heat, making summer evenings pleasant and inviting.

Winters in Grant County are generally mild, with average temperatures ranging from the mid-20s to the low 40s Fahrenheit. While snowfall is rare, the region occasionally experiences winter storms that bring light accumulations of snow and ice, particularly in the northern and western parts of the county.

Precipitation in Grant County is relatively sparse, with the majority of rainfall occurring during the spring and summer months. The region receives an average of around 20 inches of precipitation annually, which is often insufficient to support agriculture and other outdoor activities without supplemental irrigation.

Rivers and Lakes

The Arkansas River is the primary waterway in Grant County, serving as a vital transportation route and economic lifeline for the region. The river’s meandering course provides habitat for a variety of fish and wildlife, as well as offering opportunities for boating, fishing, and other recreational activities.

In addition to the Arkansas River, Grant County is also home to several other notable rivers and streams, including the Cimarron River, the Salt Fork of the Arkansas River, and the Chikaskia River. These waterways meander through the countryside, providing important water resources for agriculture and serving as vital habitats for fish, amphibians, and other aquatic species.

While lakes are relatively scarce in Grant County, there are several small reservoirs and impoundments scattered throughout the region, including Lake La Su An Wildlife Area and the Kaw Wildlife Area. These bodies of water provide opportunities for fishing, boating, and picnicking, as well as serving as important habitats for waterfowl and other wildlife.

Conclusion

Grant County, Oklahoma, is a region of diverse natural beauty, characterized by rolling plains, agricultural fields, and the winding Arkansas River. The county’s semi-arid climate, with hot, dry summers and mild winters, shapes the landscape and influences the distribution of plant and animal life. From its picturesque river valleys and fertile plains to its abundant wildlife and outdoor recreational opportunities, Grant County offers residents and visitors alike a chance to experience the unique blend of natural beauty and agricultural heritage that define this corner of north-central Oklahoma.

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Geography of Howard County, Maryland https://www.programingplease.com/geography-of-howard-county-maryland.html Mon, 11 Mar 2024 17:48:25 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1718 Howard County, situated in the central part of Maryland, is known for its diverse geography, suburban landscapes, and proximity to the metropolitan areas of Baltimore and Washington, D.C. The county’s geography is shaped by the Patapsco River, rolling hills, and a mix of urban and rural environments. To provide a comprehensive overview, let’s explore the climate, topographical features, rivers, lakes, and other essential elements that define the geography of Howard County. Check ehuacom to learn more about the state of Maryland.

Climate: Howard County experiences a humid subtropical climate with hot summers and cool winters. The region is influenced by its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean, which moderates temperatures and contributes to the area’s climate characteristics. Summers are typically warm, with average high temperatures in the 80s to low 90s Fahrenheit (around 27 to 34 degrees Celsius), while winters see average lows in the 20s to 30s Fahrenheit (around -7 to 0 degrees Celsius).

Topography: The topography of Howard County is diverse, featuring rolling hills, valleys, and elevated areas. The county is part of the Piedmont Plateau, a region characterized by gently rolling terrain. Elevation varies across the county, offering scenic views and contributing to the overall suburban and rural character of the landscape.

Patapsco River: The Patapsco River runs through the southern part of Howard County, playing a significant role in the county’s geography. This river is a major tributary of the Chesapeake Bay and influences the region’s hydrology and ecosystems. The Patapsco River is associated with the Patapsco Valley State Park, providing recreational opportunities such as hiking, fishing, and kayaking.

Centennial Lake: Centennial Lake is a man-made reservoir located in Centennial Park, one of Howard County’s prominent recreational areas. The lake was created by damming the Little Patuxent River, a tributary of the Patapsco River. Centennial Lake offers opportunities for boating, fishing, and picnicking, attracting residents and visitors seeking outdoor activities.

Columbia Lakefront: The planned community of Columbia, situated in Howard County, features the Columbia Lakefront, a prominent area with a lake, walking paths, and recreational amenities. The lakefront serves as a hub for community events, concerts, and festivals, contributing to the vibrant social life of the county.

Rocky Gorge Reservoir: While not located entirely within Howard County, the Rocky Gorge Reservoir, shared with neighboring Prince George’s County, is a significant water body in the region. The reservoir, created by damming the Patuxent River, serves as a source of drinking water for the metropolitan area. It also offers opportunities for fishing and boating.

Savage Mill Historic District: The Savage Mill Historic District, situated along the Little Patuxent River, reflects the county’s historical heritage. The district features a historic cotton mill complex, showcasing Howard County’s industrial past. Today, Savage Mill is a unique shopping and dining destination, preserving the architectural and historical aspects of the site.

Ellicott City Historic District: Ellicott City, the county seat of Howard County, boasts a historic district with preserved 18th and 19th-century architecture. Located along the Tiber and Patapsco Rivers, Ellicott City’s historic district includes charming streets, shops, and restaurants. The district’s historic character contributes to the county’s cultural identity.

Schooley Mill Park: Schooley Mill Park, located in Highland, is a county park with open spaces, playgrounds, and sports facilities. The park’s landscapes include rolling hills and wooded areas, providing residents with opportunities for outdoor activities and recreational sports.

Agricultural Areas: Despite its suburban development, Howard County maintains pockets of agricultural areas. Farms in the county cultivate crops such as corn, soybeans, and vegetables. The preservation of agricultural land is a focus of the county’s planning efforts, balancing urban growth with the protection of rural landscapes.

Climate-Resilient Landscaping: Given its climate, Howard County employs climate-resilient landscaping practices, including water conservation and sustainable gardening. The county promotes the use of native plants that are well-adapted to the local climate, reducing the need for excessive irrigation and contributing to environmental sustainability.

Outdoor Recreation and Parks: Howard County is known for its extensive network of parks and recreational areas. In addition to Centennial Park and Schooley Mill Park, other parks such as Patapsco Valley State Park and Western Regional Park provide residents with opportunities for hiking, biking, and various outdoor activities.

Education and Technology Hubs: Howard County is recognized for its emphasis on education and technology. The county is home to the Howard County Public School System, which consistently ranks among the top school districts in the state. The presence of technology companies and research institutions contributes to the county’s economic development.

Economic Diversity: The economy of Howard County is diverse, with a mix of industries including technology, healthcare, and education. The proximity to major metropolitan areas, such as Baltimore and Washington, D.C., enhances economic opportunities and contributes to the county’s overall prosperity.

Transportation and Connectivity: Howard County benefits from its strategic location with access to major transportation routes, including Interstate 95 and Maryland Route 29. The transportation infrastructure ensures connectivity to nearby cities, supporting the movement of people and goods. Accessibility is crucial for economic activities and community development.

Healthcare Facilities: Access to healthcare is important for the well-being of Howard County residents. The county is served by various healthcare facilities and medical centers, ensuring that residents have access to essential healthcare services.

Community Life: Howard County has a dynamic community life, with diverse neighborhoods and a range of cultural and recreational activities. Community events, festivals, and farmers’ markets contribute to the sense of community and promote social interactions among residents.

Conservation Efforts: The county is committed to conservation efforts, including the preservation of green spaces, protection of water quality, and sustainable development practices. Initiatives such as tree planting, stormwater management, and land preservation contribute to Howard County’s environmental stewardship.

Historical Preservation: Howard County places importance on the preservation of its historical sites and structures. Efforts to maintain and restore historic districts, mills, and buildings contribute to the county’s cultural richness and provide residents with a sense of connection to their heritage.

Smart Growth Initiatives: Howard County has implemented smart growth initiatives to manage development and preserve open spaces. Planning efforts focus on creating walkable communities, preserving natural resources, and promoting sustainable development practices.

Challenges and Resilience: While Howard County enjoys many advantages, it faces challenges such as traffic congestion, the need for infrastructure upgrades, and balancing urban development with environmental conservation. The county’s resilience lies in its proactive planning, community engagement, and commitment to sustainable practices.

Cultural Diversity: Howard County embraces cultural diversity, with a mix of residents from various backgrounds. The county’s diverse population contributes to a rich tapestry of cultural traditions, cuisines, and community celebrations.

In conclusion, the geography of Howard County, Maryland, reflects a balance between suburban development, natural landscapes, and historical preservation. The Patapsco River, Centennial Lake, and the county’s diverse parks contribute to the region’s natural beauty and recreational opportunities. As Howard County continues to grow and evolve, the preservation of its natural resources, commitment to sustainability, and vibrant community life remain integral to its identity and appeal.

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Geography of Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska https://www.programingplease.com/geography-of-kenai-peninsula-borough-alaska.html Tue, 05 Mar 2024 06:47:11 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1714 The Kenai Peninsula Borough, located in southern Alaska, is renowned for its breathtaking natural beauty, diverse wildlife, and rich cultural heritage. Stretching approximately 150 miles (240 kilometers) from the Chugach Mountains to the Alaska Peninsula, the Kenai Peninsula is a land of contrasts, featuring rugged mountains, pristine glaciers, fjords, and abundant forests. In this comprehensive exploration, we’ll delve into the geography, climate, rivers, lakes, and other notable features of the Kenai Peninsula Borough.

Geography:

According to Shoppingpicks, the Kenai Peninsula Borough encompasses a land area of approximately 24,752 square miles (64,104 square kilometers), making it one of the largest boroughs in Alaska. It is situated in the southern part of the state, bordered by Cook Inlet to the west and the Gulf of Alaska to the south.

The landscape of the Kenai Peninsula is characterized by its dramatic topography, including towering mountain peaks, deep fjords, and expansive glaciers. The eastern part of the peninsula is dominated by the Chugach Mountains, while the western part is characterized by rolling hills, wetlands, and coastal plains.

The Kenai Peninsula is home to several prominent geographical features, including the Harding Icefield, one of the largest icefields in North America, which covers much of the Kenai Mountains and feeds numerous glaciers, including the famous Exit Glacier.

The Kenai Peninsula Borough includes several communities, the largest of which are Kenai, Soldotna, Homer, and Seward. These towns serve as commercial centers and hubs for tourism, fishing, and outdoor recreation.

Climate:

The climate of the Kenai Peninsula Borough varies widely depending on location, elevation, and proximity to the ocean. Generally, the peninsula experiences a subarctic maritime climate, characterized by cool summers and mild winters, although temperatures can vary significantly between coastal and inland areas.

Summers on the Kenai Peninsula are relatively mild, with average temperatures ranging from the upper 40s to low 60s Fahrenheit (around 9 to 16 degrees Celsius). However, temperatures can occasionally reach into the 70s and even 80s Fahrenheit (around 21 to 27 degrees Celsius) during periods of warm weather. Summer days are long, with daylight lasting up to 20 hours in June and July, providing ample opportunities for outdoor activities such as fishing, hiking, and wildlife viewing.

Winters on the Kenai Peninsula are cold and snowy, with average temperatures ranging from the low teens to upper 20s Fahrenheit (around -11 to -2 degrees Celsius). Snowfall is common, particularly in the higher elevations and along the coast, with several feet of snow accumulating throughout the winter months. However, coastal areas tend to be milder and receive less snowfall due to the moderating influence of the ocean.

Spring and fall are transitional seasons on the Kenai Peninsula, with temperatures gradually warming in spring and cooling in fall. These seasons are characterized by changing foliage, migrating birds, and the return of marine life such as salmon and whales to coastal waters.

Rivers and Lakes:

The Kenai Peninsula is home to numerous rivers, lakes, and streams, which provide habitat for a wide variety of fish and wildlife and support recreational activities such as fishing, boating, and kayaking.

The Kenai River, one of the most famous rivers in Alaska, flows approximately 82 miles (132 kilometers) from its headwaters in the Kenai Mountains to its mouth at Cook Inlet. The river is renowned for its world-class salmon fishing, particularly for king salmon, silver salmon, and sockeye salmon. In addition to salmon, the Kenai River is home to rainbow trout, Dolly Varden, and other freshwater fish species.

Other notable rivers on the Kenai Peninsula include the Kasilof River, the Russian River, and the Anchor River, each of which offers opportunities for fishing and wildlife viewing.

The Kenai Peninsula is also home to several lakes, including Skilak Lake, Tustumena Lake, and Kenai Lake, which provide habitat for fish such as lake trout, Arctic char, and grayling. These lakes are popular destinations for fishing, boating, and camping, as well as wildlife viewing and photography.

Glaciers:

The Kenai Peninsula is home to numerous glaciers, including the Harding Icefield, which covers approximately 700 square miles (1,800 square kilometers) and feeds more than 40 glaciers, including Exit Glacier near Seward.

Exit Glacier is one of the most accessible glaciers on the Kenai Peninsula, with a road leading directly to its terminus in Kenai Fjords National Park. Visitors can hike to the edge of the glacier and witness firsthand the power of ice as it carves through the landscape and shapes the surrounding terrain.

Other notable glaciers on the Kenai Peninsula include Bear Glacier, which flows into Resurrection Bay near Seward, and Portage Glacier, which is accessible via the Portage Glacier Highway from Anchorage.

Wildlife:

The Kenai Peninsula is home to a diverse array of wildlife, including moose, bears, wolves, eagles, and marine mammals such as sea otters, seals, and whales. The peninsula’s rich ecosystem supports healthy populations of salmon, which in turn provide food for bears, eagles, and other predators.

The waters surrounding the Kenai Peninsula are teeming with marine life, including humpback whales, orcas, porpoises, and sea lions. Visitors to the peninsula can embark on whale-watching cruises from towns such as Seward and Homer to observe these majestic creatures in their natural habitat.

The Kenai Peninsula is also a popular destination for birdwatching, with hundreds of species of birds, including bald eagles, puffins, and sandhill cranes, making their home in the region.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the Kenai Peninsula Borough is a land of stunning natural beauty, rich biodiversity, and abundant recreational opportunities. From its rugged mountains and glaciers to its pristine rivers and lakes, the peninsula offers a wide range of outdoor activities for visitors to enjoy, including fishing, hiking, wildlife viewing, and glacier exploring. Whether exploring the coastal waters of Cook Inlet, hiking through the forests of Kenai Fjords National Park, or fishing for salmon on the Kenai River, the Kenai Peninsula offers an unforgettable experience for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts alike.

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Geography of Benson County, North Dakota https://www.programingplease.com/geography-of-benson-county-north-dakota.html Mon, 04 Mar 2024 04:19:10 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1713 Geography of Benson County, North Dakota

Benson County, located in the northeastern part of North Dakota, is a region characterized by its vast prairies, rolling hills, and abundance of lakes and rivers. Encompassing approximately 1,438 square miles, the county is known for its agricultural heritage, outdoor recreational opportunities, and scenic beauty. In this comprehensive exploration, we delve into the intricate details of Benson County’s geography, including its climate, rivers, lakes, and notable landmarks.

Geographical Features:

According to shopareview, Benson County’s landscape is predominantly rural, with expansive prairies stretching as far as the eye can see. The county is situated within the Northern Great Plains region of the United States, which is known for its flat terrain, fertile soils, and extreme weather conditions.

The eastern part of Benson County is characterized by the Sheyenne River Valley, a scenic area that provides habitat for wildlife and offers opportunities for outdoor recreation. The western part of the county is flatter and more agricultural, with vast fields of wheat, corn, and other crops.

Climate:

Benson County experiences a continental climate, with four distinct seasons characterized by cold, snowy winters and warm, humid summers. The region’s climate is influenced by its inland location and its position within the Great Plains, which results in wide temperature fluctuations and relatively low precipitation.

Winter temperatures in Benson County can be bitterly cold, with highs averaging in the teens°F (-9 to -7°C) and lows often dropping below zero°F (-18°C). Snowfall is common during the winter months, with the county receiving an average of around 30 inches of snow annually.

Summer temperatures in Benson County can be warm, with highs frequently reaching into the 70s°F to 80s°F (21-27°C). Thunderstorms are common in the summer months, bringing much-needed rainfall to the region and helping to support the local agricultural industry.

Rivers and Waterways:

Benson County is intersected by several rivers and waterways that flow through its scenic landscapes, providing vital habitats for wildlife and offering opportunities for fishing, boating, and recreational activities. The Sheyenne River, one of the county’s major waterways, meanders through the eastern part of the region, providing scenic views and access to outdoor recreation.

In addition to the Sheyenne River, Benson County is home to several other smaller rivers and streams, including the James River, the Tongue River, and the Willow Creek. These waterways not only support local ecosystems but also provide important sources of water for both wildlife and human populations.

Lakes and Reservoirs:

Benson County is dotted with numerous lakes and reservoirs that provide recreational opportunities for residents and visitors alike. Devils Lake, located in the southern part of the county, is the largest natural body of water in North Dakota and offers fishing, boating, and camping opportunities.

In addition to Devils Lake, Benson County has several other smaller lakes and reservoirs, including Twin Lakes, Dry Lake, and Silver Lake. These water bodies provide opportunities for fishing, swimming, and wildlife viewing, as well as serving as important sources of water for irrigation and agriculture.

Notable Landmarks:

Beyond its natural features, Benson County boasts several notable landmarks and attractions that showcase its rich history and cultural heritage. Fort Totten State Historic Site, located on the shores of Devils Lake, preserves the site of a former military post and offers visitors a glimpse into the region’s frontier history.

The city of Minnewaukan, the county seat of Benson County, is home to several historic buildings and landmarks, including the Benson County Courthouse and the Minnewaukan Schoolhouse. Visitors can explore the town’s charming streets, visit local museums, and learn about the area’s pioneer heritage.

In conclusion, Benson County, North Dakota, offers a captivating blend of natural beauty, outdoor adventure, and rural charm. From its vast prairies and scenic rivers to its historic landmarks and cultural attractions, the county’s geography reflects the timeless allure of the Northern Great Plains. Whether exploring its picturesque landscapes, enjoying its recreational opportunities, or learning about its rich heritage, Benson County invites visitors to experience the beauty and tranquility of northeastern North Dakota.

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Baalbek, Lebanon https://www.programingplease.com/baalbek-lebanon.html Fri, 10 Feb 2023 07:23:51 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1402 Baalbek is currently a small settlement, in ancient times it was a magnificent temple city in Lebanon, between the ridges of Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon. The broad valley between these two mountain ranges is called El-Beqa’a, or the Lowlands, and in ancient times was called Coele-Syria, that is, “Low Syria.” In Egyptian and Assyrian inscriptions, this city is called Baalbek, because the god Baal (Baal) was once worshiped here. See citypopulationreview.com for weather information.

The city is located at an altitude of 1117 m above sea level, between the Litani and Orontes rivers, in a fertile region on the ancient caravan routes leading to Damascus and Tire. Baalbek was once one of the most sacred places on earth, and its temples were among the wonders of the ancient world.

Today, Baalbek attracts history hunters, lovers of antiquities and mysteries, and those who dream of solving one of the biggest mysteries of modern archeology.

How to get there

To get to Baalbek, you need to fly from Moscow to Beirut on one of the daily flights, which will take you about 4 hours and will cost from 20,000 RUB. From the capital of Lebanon, take a taxi or a bus and go to Baalbek, keep within 40–50 USD at prices.

It is better to leave Beirut for Baalbek before dark: there is never enough time for everything interesting in this epicenter of antiquity.

Secrets of Baalbek

An almost mystical story is connected with this city: when archaeologists “rediscovered” it, many came to the conclusion that it was the fruit of the construction of extraterrestrial civilizations that explored the solar system in ancient times. Some suggested that the ancient people possessed incredible technology, or argued that this was the work of giant people.

It was hard to believe that the huge blocks of the Baalbek terrace are the result of only human labor without the use of any high-tech mechanisms. Today, Baalbek attracts history hunters, lovers of antiquities and mysteries, and those who dream of solving one of the biggest mysteries of modern archeology. So, if when choosing a vacation spot you set yourself the goal of not only basking in the sun, but also learning a lot of new, interesting and mysterious things, then you are undoubtedly on the right track. By the way, being led by the desire to unravel the secrets of centuries and civilizations, get ready to meet with traces of the presence of extraterrestrial civilizations and giants that really existed in antiquity. But first things first.

History

It is believed that the Phoenicians founded Baalbek, and then Alexander the Great conquered it, renaming it Heliopolis, which in our opinion means the City of the Sun, and for good reason, because the sun is the first thing that you will get in excess upon arrival in Baalbek. Then in the 1st c. n. e. the city came under the rule of Ancient Rome, then temples were built here that have survived to this day – Jupiter, Venus and Bacchus. That’s all, but not everything is so simple, and you, lovers of riddles and secrets, have something to break your head over.

Temples of Baalbek

The first riddle: who built the temples after all? According to scientists, the Roman authorities chose the best architects for this grandiose construction, and the construction of the temple of Jupiter was already completed under the famous Nero. However, this temple complex is an order of magnitude larger than any structure created by the Romans and, more than strange, not a word is said about it in the Roman archives! And this is absolutely not typical of the Romans, who in those distant times did not miss a single opportunity to once again point out their merits in the construction of the next masterpiece of architecture.

The columns of the temple, 22 m high, are perfectly polished, as if someone in the 1st century. n. e. processed them on a lathe, the building blocks on which the temple rests consist of stones weighing 300 and 800 tons, ideally adjacent to each other at a height of 7 m above the ground, so that even a needle cannot be inserted between them. In the 5th century BC e. the gigantic terraces of Heliopolis were ranked among the wonders of the world – and rightly so. In addition, under the temple there is a complex system of underground passages up to 3 meters wide and 2.5 meters high.

After the monitoring, it turned out that not a single modern construction company would undertake such an installation!

The neighboring temples – the temple of Venus and the temple of Bacchus – cannot be compared with the temple of Jupiter. They fully correspond to the possibilities of the times of the Roman Empire… Many attribute this grandiose structure to the creations of the creators of the Tower of Babel, which means in the time before the Flood. So think about who really was its creator.

South Stone of Baalbek

This gigantic stone block – 23 m long, 5.3 m wide and 4.55 m high, weighing 1000 tons – was cut down with ordinary chisels. This is the largest processed stone in the world, so huge that a person who has climbed onto it looks like an insect on a large suitcase. Contrary to the assertion sometimes encountered, the so-called South Stone was not at all thrown by the builders along the road and was not lost during transportation – it remained lying in the quarry and was not even completely separated from the rocky foundation. The slope of the block is given by the general slope of the surface that the rock mass had in this place.

The southern stone of Baalbek is the largest stone in the world, so huge that a person who climbs it looks like an insect on a large suitcase.

The huge stone platform of Baalbek is equidistant between the pyramids of Giza and Mount St. Catherine – one of the most sacred places in the world – in the Sinai Peninsula. Mount Sinai and Mount St. Catherine together form an imposing double-headed peak that corresponds to the two main pyramids of Giza. Is it possible to imagine that such a geometric correspondence (Giza – Sinai – Baalbek) arose by chance? Perhaps it is you who will uncover the secrets of Baalbek and change the pages of the history of the world.

Excursions

Excursions to Baalbek, as a rule, are made from Beirut. Tourists are driven through the Lebanese mountain ranges along the Beka Valley. The opportunity to admire the mountainous Mediterranean landscapes is another advantage of such tours. This city is very hospitable, the residents love tourists and will be happy to tell you about all the local attractions, treat you to delicious cakes and local wine, the taste of which will be remembered for a long time. However, in any case, most excursion programs in Baalbek include a tasting of Lebanese wines.

Both in Beirut and in Baalbek itself, it will not be difficult to find a Russian-speaking guide.

Music Festival

Today Baalbek is also famous for the International Festival of Classical and Folk Music. The festival was founded in 1955, since then it has been held annually. The duration of the festival is 4 weeks, usually in July-August. The guests of this festival of music and art were even world-famous stars.

Excursion to Baalbek, without any doubt, you will remember for a long time. It is unlikely that somewhere else you will see such grandiose structures preserved from ancient times. The power, grandeur, strength, beauty of the temple complex will amaze and enchant you at first sight. And the amount of the unknown on this beautiful island of antiquity is enough to bring new discoveries and impressions with you, returning here again and again.

Baalbek, Lebanon

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Salzburg, Austria https://www.programingplease.com/salzburg-austria.html Fri, 03 Feb 2023 07:40:44 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1399 Salzburg is an old European city. By historical standards, he entered Austria recently, and this left an imprint on architecture, culture and even culinary traditions. Tourists are attracted here by the narrow streets of the city and the intricate Baroque facades of ancient buildings, especially picturesque from the top of the Festungberg, to which the cable car leads. Along with the usual museums and galleries, there are several interactive exhibits. According to petwithsupplies, Salzburg is one of the largest cities in Austria.

In winter, Salzburg becomes the starting point for skiers seeking the resorts of the Austrian Alps.

A kind of symbol of the city is the world-famous composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The place where he was born is one of the main tourist attractions. Not only streets, squares and exhibitions are named after the virtuoso musician, but also numerous coffee houses, shops, sweets and even liquor.

Tourist centers

Salzburg has several tourist centers located in different parts of the city:

  • Info-Terminal Flughafen at the airport.
  • Tourist Info – Mozartplatz at Mozartplatz 5. Opening hours: low season: Monday-Saturday – 9:00-18:00, high season: Monday-Sunday – 9:00-19:00.
  • Tourist Info at the railway station, Bahnhofsvorplatz. Opening hours: low season: Monday-Sunday – 9:00-18:00, high season: Monday-Sunday – 8:30-20:00.
  • Tourist Info in the south of the city (Salzburg-Sud), address: Alpenstraße, P+R-Platz.

Salzburg Hotels

Accommodation in Salzburg is represented mainly by hotels, there are several hostels, guest houses and apartments. Most of the hotels are 3 and 4 *, “fives” and options without “stars” are few. In many, even cheap rooms, breakfast is included in the price, and there are offers for those who prefer to cook on their own.

Prices in Salzburg hotels do not really depend on the location (only in the railway station area they are slightly lower). But on Christmas Eve and during the classical music festival, you need to be prepared to pay an order of magnitude more.

Salzburg is not a cheap city, and even for a place in a modest hostel you will have to pay 50 EUR per day. Prices in 3 * hotels start from 60 EUR for a double room and reach up to 150 EUR, accommodation in the “four” will cost 80-250 EUR, and the most expensive luxury options cost up to 350 EUR per night.

Shopping

Most of the shops in Salzburg are located in the historic city center – on Getreidegasse and Judengasse streets. The largest shopping center is “Europark”. It works from Monday to Thursday from 9:00 to 19:30, on Fridays from 9:00 to 21:00, on Saturdays from 9:00 to 18:00. The rest of the shops are usually open from 10:00 to 18:00 on weekdays and from 10:00 to 17:00 on Saturdays, souvenir shops are open on Sundays, many have a lunch break of 1-2 hours.

Austria produces clothes and shoes of excellent quality. In the boutiques and shopping centers of the city of Salzburg, you can find goods of local and world brands – democratic and elite. However, in normal times, shopping here can cost a pretty penny, so it’s better to go for new clothes during the winter (December-February) and summer (July-August) sales – discounts reach up to 70%, it’s cheapest to buy in outlets.

As a gift, cosmetics, jewelry and bijouterie are usually brought from here (Swarovski crystals are in special demand). Cow bells and Tyrolean hats can be taken as inexpensive souvenirs. Those with a sweet tooth will be delighted with Mozartkugel chocolate and sweets with marzipan, and connoisseurs of good alcohol will not be indifferent to apricot schnapps, wines from nearby regions and Mozart liqueur.

Christmas markets

From the end of November to the end of December, there are Christmas markets in Salzburg on three squares: Domplatz, Kapitelplatz and Residenzplatz. There you can try traditional local fast food – hot potatoes, donuts with herbs and, of course, sweets, as well as buy Christmas tree decorations, winter clothes and local artisans.

Cuisine and restaurants in Salzburg

Salzburg cuisine is slightly different from traditional Austrian cuisine. It has something from the Bavarian culinary traditions and quite a bit from the Mediterranean. The most popular local dish, which can be found on the menu of any restaurant, is breaded Viennese pork schnitzel accompanied by cranberry sauce and potatoes. Other meat dishes are also in demand – hearty and high-calorie. You should definitely try the culinary symbol of Salzburg – “nokerln” – a delicate, airy dessert. Those with a sweet tooth will also enjoy apple strudel and marzipan sweets. It is better to try them in one of the coffee houses, accompanied by a mug of aromatic coffee, which the city is famous for. If you also add pancakes, you get a full breakfast for 20 EUR per person.

Foam lovers will love local pubs and bars with a cozy atmosphere and excellent beer, which clearly shows the influence of the Bavarian brewing culture.

For budget travelers, the city has several self-service chain restaurants – the ubiquitous McDonald’s and lesser-known but healthier menus. You can have lunch for two there for 35 EUR. In a middle-class restaurant, you should count on the amount of 60-80 EUR for two, with drinks it will turn out even more expensive. Salzburg has many fashionable gourmet establishments and more Michelin-starred restaurants than anywhere else in Europe. Dinner for two people in such a place will cost 100-120 EUR, and with wine the bill can reach up to 200 EUR.

Entertainment and attractions

The Old Town of Salzburg, located on the left bank of the Salzach River, is on the UNESCO World Heritage List and is known for its baroque architecture. Of interest is the central square of the city – Residenzplatz, whose appearance has been preserved since the 18th century. It houses the 17th century archbishop’s residence with a gallery of European paintings, the New Residence with an old clock and 35 bells installed on its tower, and the Sattler Museum. And in the very center of the square stands the Residenzbrunnen fountain, built in 1661.

It is worth visiting the Benedictine abbey of St. Peter, founded by St. Rupert in 690 and now operating as a monastery. On its territory are the Cathedral of St. Peter and the catacombs. The temple was originally built in the Romanesque style, and then rebuilt in the Baroque style. It houses the relics of Saint Rupert. The catacombs are carved into the Mönchsberg rock, to which the abbey adjoins. In a narrow passage between the rock and the wall of the cathedral is a cemetery where the monks were buried.

Salzburg Cathedral has a long history. The first basilica, located on the site of the current cathedral, was consecrated as early as 774, later a Romanesque cathedral was built there, destroyed by fire in 1598. The modern church, erected at the beginning of the 17th century, was the first Baroque cathedral in the German-speaking lands. The third largest cathedral in the Old Town is the Franciscan Church, built in 1223 in the Baroque style.

A popular place for walking is the Getreidegasse street, which runs through the entire Old Town from Residenzplatz. On this street stands the house where Wolfgang Mozart was born; a museum is open for visitors. And at the cemetery of St. Sebastian is the grave of the wife of the great maestro.

Outside the Old Town, the medieval castle of Hohensalzburg is of interest, located at an altitude of 12 m above sea level on the Festungberg mountain. You can get to it on foot or by funicular. The Benedictine Convent of Nonnberg, founded by Saint Rupert in 714, is the oldest convent in the German-speaking countries. Mirabell Palace, built in 1606 in the Baroque style, is very popular among tourists. The Baroque Museum is open to visitors. Read more about the sights of the city here.

5 things to do in Salzburg

  1. Find the real Mozartkugel.
  2. To get to a Mozart concert is completely by accident and several times.
  3. In every coffee shop, order nockerln for dessert and find the best recipe.
  4. Take a look at the city from different angles – from the Hohensalzburg fortress and the Untersberg peak.
  5. Count all museums, pastry shops, shops and other establishments that bear the name of the great composer.

Salzburg for children

There are a lot of places in Salzburg that will be of interest to young travelers. The Toy Museum (off. site in English) will delight a child of any age. On the first floors there are game rooms with balls and development complexes. And above are the exhibition halls – hundreds of collectible dolls clearly demonstrate the history of toys.

In the Salzburg Zoo (off. site) on an area of ​​​​60 thousand square meters. m in close to natural habitat contains more than 1000 animals from different parts of the world – rhinos, lions, kangaroos, koalas and many others. During the summer months, the nearby Hellbrunn Palace Park is worth a visit, where kids will love squealing between the hidden fountains that unexpectedly splash cool water onto visitors.

There are two amusement parks 30-50 km from the city – Fantasiana and Ruhpolding air, archery competitions, summer toboggan runs and many more interesting entertainments.

The climate in Salzburg is continental with alpine influence due to its proximity to the mountains. Summers are usually warm, although rainy days are not uncommon, and winters are cold with temperatures slightly above or below zero with heavy snowfalls.

You can have a fun and interesting holiday in Salzburg at any time of the year. For excursion tourism and walks along the old streets, the warm months – July and August – are better suited. And for those who want to combine sightseeing of the city with an active holiday on the slopes or plunge into the bright and bustling European Christmas, it is better to choose the end of December or the beginning of January for a trip.

Holidays and events in Salzburg

Every year in July-August the city hosts one of the most famous classical music festivals. At this time, musicians and theater troupes from all over the world come here, the program includes concerts and opera performances. In different years, several high-profile opera premieres took place on the stage of the Grand Festival Palace.

Mozart’s music can be heard on the streets of Old Salzburg at any time of the year – the townspeople are proud of their talented countryman.

On the night of January 5-6, all guests of the city have the opportunity to take part in a fun, but creepy Parchtenlauf procession. The round dance of ghosts on this day takes place throughout Austria and Europe, but in Salzburg it is held more massively – a real carnival of scary masks and costumes.

No less interesting is the feast of St. Rupert, the first archbishop and patron of the city. In September, street performances are shown in front of the Cathedral, local residents in old national clothes walk around the squares, artisans sell handicrafts.

Salzburg, Austria

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How to Get to United Arab Emirates https://www.programingplease.com/how-to-get-to-united-arab-emirates.html Fri, 30 Dec 2022 03:22:35 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1396 Emirates Airlines operates regular daily flights from Moscow (Domodedovo) and St. Petersburg to Dubai. The low-cost Dubai air carrier Flydubay flies from 8 Russian cities (Yekaterinburg, Samara, Kazan, Ufa, Mineralnye Vody, Volgograd, Rostov-on-Don and Krasnodar). Aeroflot (from Moscow, Sheremetyevo), Es Seven (from Novosibirsk) and Ural Airlines (from Yekaterinburg, Samara, Kazan, Chelyabinsk) also operate flights to Dubai, Mineralnye Vody, Nizhny Novgorod, Volgograd and Perm).

Note: according to allcitypopulation, the population of United Arab Emirates is 9.991 million (2021).

Etihad Airways offers daily flights on the route Moscow – Abu Dhabi. Charters from Russia fly to Dubai and Abu Dhabi several times a week, on “peak” dates, the frequency of flights may increase. The duration of the flight from the capital is about 5 hours.

Air Arabia flies to Sharjah from Moscow, Yekaterinburg, Ufa, Kazan and Rostov-on-Don.

A direct flight from Moscow to Dubai will cost from 100 USD, to Abu Dhabi – from 30 USD. You can get from St. Petersburg only with a transfer (for example, in Moscow), a flight to Dubai costs from 160 USD, to Abu Dhabi – from 75 USD. The prices on the page are for December 2021.

Details on how to get to popular regions of the UAE: Abu Dhabi, Dubai.

Search for cheap flights to the UAE

Transport

There is a bus service between the emirates. For the most popular departures, buses run approximately once every 30 minutes, the fare is from 18 AED, depending on the distance. There is no rail transport in the UAE yet, but the Etihad Rail project is under development, which will provide communication between the emirates, as well as connect the UAE with neighboring countries – Saudi Arabia and Oman.

There are 5 highways in the UAE connecting the emirates: E 11 (Sheikh Zayed Road), E 311 (Emirates Road), E 44 (Dubai-Hatta Highway), E 77 (Dubai-Al Habab Road) and E 66 (Oud Metha road).

Fines for traffic violations are huge. Passing a red light will cost about 1000 AED.

Tickets for intercity buses are sold at the stations, detailed information about the schedule and fares is at the office. UAE Ministry of Transport website.

Public transport within cities

Public transport in the cities of the UAE is represented primarily by buses; in Dubai, the subway operates automatically. The subway has a Gold class car: this is the first car from the window of which you can watch the road “through the eyes of the driver”, the cost of the trip is calculated at a double rate. All types of transport can be paid for by cards (similar to the Moscow Troika), depending on the tariff, they are different:

  • red: maximum 10 trips, valid for 90 days, costs 2 AED;
  • blue: name card, 5 years, 70 AED(of which 20 AED in the account);
  • silver: 5 years, 25 AED(of which 19 AED in the account);
  • gold: 5 years, card for travel in Gold class, cost – 25 AED(19 AED in the account).

There are also water buses, water taxis and traditional water taxi boats – “abras” – which run along the Dubai Creek. Most hotels offer their own buses that take their guests to the city center or to the beach.

Taxi is the most common means of transport in Dubai. In the UAE, it can be municipal and private; cars are equipped with meters only in Dubai and Abu Dhabi. A municipal taxi can be found at special parking lots, the trip will cost – from 8 AED. Night and phone calls are subject to an additional charge. Dubai also runs special “women’s taxis” with female drivers.

Private taxis are cheaper, especially if you can bargain. Local taxi drivers are very emotional and like to swear at other drivers on the road, don’t let that scare you – it’s the way it is here. Usually they are aware of the location of key attractions, hotels and shopping centers, but can easily get lost if the place is not very popular and wander around the city for a long time. It is better to agree on the fare in advance, otherwise there is a risk of overpaying.

Double-decker tourist buses run around tourist cities. There are day and night tours, during the period specified in the tariff (from 1 day) you can get off at any stop provided for by the route and go further on the next bus. The cost depends on the specific city. There are special offers for families, children, schoolchildren and students.

Car rental in the United Arab Emirates

It is not difficult to rent a car in the Emirates: cars of the latest brands are offered for rent everywhere with or without a driver for any period. To rent, you will need an international driver’s license issued at least a year ago (driver’s licenses of the CIS countries in the Emirates are not valid); Driver must be at least 21 years of age. It is strongly discouraged to take a car without insurance, and in some emirates, for example, in Dubai, it is impossible to rent a car without insurance at all. The insurance is valid only in the UAE. It does not work in the enclaves of the Sultanate of Oman, so tourists on wheels should carefully choose their travel routes. The minimum car rental period is 24 hours.

The speed limit in built-up areas is 60 km/h, on autobahns 100 km/h. Radars and surveillance cameras are placed everywhere, information about violators immediately goes to the local police. Drunk driving is strictly prohibited: it threatens with deportation from the country, and in some cases even imprisonment. Fine for not wearing seat belts – 400 AED. Many rental cars are equipped with an audible warning system that is activated when the speed limit is exceeded.

  • How to rent a car in the UAE

United Arab Emirates Transportation

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Seefeld and Sölden, Austria https://www.programingplease.com/seefeld-and-solden-austria.html Fri, 23 Dec 2022 12:31:06 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1394 Seefeld

The famous Tyrolean resort of Seefeld is more for winter holidays in general than exclusively for skiing. It is perfect for novice skiers and cross-country skiers, as well as wealthy tourists who want to live in a clean mountain place, “breathe the air”, enjoy the views, ski a little and hang out. The skiing season here lasts from late December to mid-March.

The resort has a fan park at the Kreithlift, a snowboarding hangout at the Rosshutte, a halfpipe next to the Rosshuttenlift, one of the strongest ski schools and a night skiing track.

Note: according to allcitypopulation, the population of Austria is 8.956 million (2021).

Seefeld trails

From the southern and northern outskirts of the town (5-10 minutes from ski-bus hotels) two ski areas begin – Gwandshkopf (Gschwandtkopf, 1500 m) and Seefelder Joch (Seefelder Joch, 2100 m). The tracks there are wide, with medium slopes and very comfortable easy skiing. The exception is the “red” track Harmelekopf, which runs along a narrow winding ridge and is very difficult in places. The descent along a wide forest clearing from the top of Gwandshkopf is quite possible even for beginners. Another thing is the “red” descent towards Wright. And on the western side of the mountain, you can have great fun without skis, going down the 500-meter bobsleigh chute on car cameras.

Cable cars from Seefeld lead to the Rosshutte (1800 m), the largest and most sporty ski area in the region, the Seefelder Joch, a mountain station just below the Hermelekopf (2223 m). The undulating descents from the Seefelder Joch are not very difficult, but off the pistes and on the other side of the pass there are extensive areas of deep snow. If the Reiter-Kar is open for skiing on Mount Hermlekopf (there is a danger of avalanches, so the site does not always work), the “pros” have a great opportunity to try out a difficult and exciting track. It makes sense to climb a little more and slide down to Kar from a 2200-meter height.

By purchasing a ski pass, which is valid for at least three days in Seefeld, Mosern and Neuleitas, skiers have at their disposal, in addition to 30 cable cars, almost 100 other lifts and an additional 200 km of pistes in the surrounding areas.

Entertainment and attractions Seefeld

One of the interesting sights of Seefeld is the chamber church of St. Oswald, but the symbol of the resort is the church on Lake Seekirchl, also known as Heiligkreuzkirche. In addition, in Seefeld is the house-museum of the writer Ludwig Ganghofer.

Swimming pool with sauna and steam room, outdoor skating rink, indoor courts. Also: 60 restaurants, 60 nightclubs, casino, bowling alley, cinema, horseback riding, paragliding, sleigh rides, curling, squash.

Seefeld is no less interesting in summer than in winter. Tourists can always rent a bike and take a walk along the mountain paths. You can also play golf on the picturesque mountain lawns. Seefeld also hosts many events during the summer, including the Flower Parade, the traditional Embroidery Festival and the World Dance Championship.

Sölden

The main settlement of Otztal and the largest resort of the valley, Sölden (Solden) is a famous center of mountaineering and skiing. There are three peaks at once with a height of more than 3000 m (they are also called BIG3, that is, the “Big Three”), which can be climbed on modern lifts. The pistes of Sölden are mostly long, with a large vertical drop, ideal for intermediate skiers.

The glory of one of the most popular resorts in the Sölden valley owes much to its cafes, restaurants, nightclubs and bars. “Apreskiit” here can be started already on the slopes (where about 20 restaurants are scattered, and the most party place is at Giggijoch), and finish in the city. There are also about 80 catering establishments at the service of guests, which, by the way, have a menu in Russian.

Solden Hotels

Sölden stretches along a picturesque river, maneuvering at the foot of glaciers and mountains – the main ski areas of the resort. Almost all lifts here go down directly to the central streets with hotels and boarding houses. “Gondolas” are located in such a way that they are either within walking distance from hotels, or two or three ski bus stops (5-7 minutes).

In addition, the small village of Hochsolden nestled above the resort is an ideal place for fanatical lovers of skiing “from the door” and silence. Compared to its downstairs neighbor, Hochselden boasts only two or three restaurants, great views of the valley, and no cars.

Sölden, unlike many Austrian resorts, offers, in addition to 3-4 * hotels, many inexpensive “kopeck pieces”, boarding houses and apartments.

Sölden trails

Above Sölden stretched three ski areas, where you can find a wide variety of trails. Most of them are simple and medium difficulty. Experienced skiers will find most of the runs a little rustic. They can be advised the long descent to Gaislachkogl, ideal for speed skiing.

There are many opportunities for intermediate skiers. The Mittelstation area is particularly well suited. But for beginners, this is difficult. Relatively easy trails are located in Innerwald, as well as in the districts of Hainbachjoch and Rettenbach. The latter is located high in the mountains, so beginners will have to go down to Sölden either along the “red” slopes or on the lift.

Known for their arrogant attitude towards skiers, snowboarders “hang out” separately, in the Boarderspark Giggijoch fan park, which is next to the Hainbackkar lift at an altitude of 2450 m. The park has jumps, fan boxes, rails, walls, half pipes. Another place where they are located is an amazing boardercross track, created right next to the three-seater chair Giggijoch. Sölden is generally supportive of “doskers”: the resort has excellent opportunities for off-piste snowboarding, in particular, on the territory of two glaciers – the most attractive European zone for riders and freestylers of various levels of training.

Known for their arrogant attitude towards skiers, snowboarders hang out separately at the Boarderspark Giggijoch fan park.

Entertainment and attractions of Sölden

Hiking on mountain trails, climbing (with a guide), paragliding, sledding, bowling alley, snowmobile rental, shooting ranges. Also: a cinema, swimming pools with a sauna and a steam bath, outdoor and indoor skating rinks, a gym, a volleyball court, 118 restaurants, 10 discos and clubs.

Sölden, Austria

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State Route 59, 61 and 62 in California https://www.programingplease.com/state-route-59-61-and-62-in-california.html Fri, 16 Dec 2022 13:47:20 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1392 State Route 59 in California
SR-59
Get started El Nido
End speedster
Length 34 mi
Length 54 km
Route
  • Mercedes
  • Speedster

According to ablogtophone.com, State Route 59 is a state route in the U.S. state of California. The road forms a north-south route through the San Joaquin Valley and is 54 kilometers long.

Travel directions

The road begins south of the hamlet of El Nido at a trumpet interchange with State Route 152 and heads due north through agricultural land. The terrain is very flat and after more than 20 kilometers you reach the town of Merced, also the largest town on the route. One crosses the State Route 99. The road continues north from Merced to the village of Snelling.

History

State Route 59 is not a major route, Merced is the only place of interest on the route, but the road is not a primary connection from Merced to other towns in the San Joaquin Valley. The grade-separated connection with State Route 152 was constructed in 1967.

Traffic intensities

Every day, 6,000 to 9,000 vehicles drive south of Merced, up to 27,000 vehicles in Merced and 1,500 vehicles between Merced and Snelling.

State Route 61 in California

SR-61
Get started San Leandro
End Oakland
Length 7 mi
Length 11 km
Route
  • San Leandroalameda
  • Oakland

State Route 61 is a state route in the U.S. state of California. The road forms a short north-south route in the San Francisco Bay Area, between San Leandro and Oakland. State Route 61 is seven miles long.

Travel directions

The road begins in San Leandro at an intersection with State Route 185. State Route 61 initially heads west on Davis Street, a 2×2 lane urban arterial. There is a connection with Interstate 880 in San Leandro. The road then turns north on Doolitte Drive which runs past Oakland International Airport. Doolitte Drive has 2 to 5 lanes of traffic with a partial center turn lane. A short bridge leads to the suburb of Alameda, located on an island. State Route 61 runs through Alameda via various roads. The road then goes through a submarine tunnel, the Posey and Webster Street tubes, to Oakland. Shortly thereafter, State Route 61 ends in Oakland at theInterstate 880.

road numbers

The road is known as State Route 61, but two unsigned tracks are also part of the road, namely State Route 112 and State Route 260. Technically, only the north-south portion is numbered as State Route 61, the east The west section in San Leandro is formally numbered as State Route 112, and the tunnels between Alameda and Oakland as State Route 260.

History

State Route 61 was originally planned as a longer north-south route along the east side of San Francisco Bay. The road was originally supposed to run from Dumbarton Bridge in Newark to Albany, parallel to I-880. This route would run through the wetlands of the San Francisco Bay and has therefore not been constructed.

State Route 61 has California’s oldest underwater tunnel, the Posey Tube between Oakland and Alameda opened to traffic on October 27, 1928. In 1963, the Webster Street tube opened in parallel. These were immersion tunnels. The bridge over San Leandro Bay opened to traffic in 1953. The structures of the connection with the I-880 in San Leandro were replaced in 2013-2014 in connection with the widening of the I-880.

Traffic intensities

Every day 22,000 vehicles drive through San Leandro on various parts of the route. The bridge over the San Leandro Bay to Alameda is used by 40,000 vehicles per day. The Posey and Webster Street tubes between Alameda and Oakland drive 54,000 vehicles a day.

State Route 62 in California

SR-62
Get started white water
End Earp
Length 151 mi
Length 244 km
Route
  • → Los Angeles / Phoenix
  • Morongo Valley
  • Yucca Valley
  • Joshua Tree
  • Twentynine Palms
  • Arizona SR-95

State Route 62 is a state route in the U.S. state of California. The road forms an east-west route through the Mojave Desert, from I-10 at White Water through Twentynine Palms to the Arizona border. State Route 62 is 150 miles long.

Travel directions

State Route 62 begins at an interchange with Interstate 10 at White Water, not far from Palm Springs. The environment here consists of a wide valley with many ‘wind farms’. State Route 62 from here is a 2×2 divided highway with intersections and heads north through the San Bernardino Mountains. This is a winding and spectacular section that rises rapidly from 300 to 800 meters at Morongo Valley. The road then curves east and passes through some desert towns such as Yucca Valley, Joshua Tree, and Twentynine Palms. This area is known as Joshua Tree National Park. State Route 62 has 4 lanes to Twentynine Palms.

East of Twentynine Palms begins a desolate single-lane section through the Mojave Desert. There are no more places on the 150 kilometers to the border with Arizona, and there are hardly any intersecting roads. The area consists of flat rocky desert, intersected by mountain ridges. At most, some shrubbery grows. The height differences are small. The eastern portion of this stretch parallels the Colorado River Aqueduct, Southern California’s water supply from the Colorado River. In Vidal Junction, no more than a truck stop, one crosses US 95. At the hamlet of Earp one reaches the border with the state of Arizona, which is formed by the Colorado River. On the other side is the larger Parker. State Route 95 then continues to Quartzsite.

History

Between 1933 and 1939, the Colorado River Aqueduct along what later became State Route 62 was constructed as a water supply for Southern California. Joshua Tree National Monument was established in 1936, which became a National Park in 1994. This is the most famous tourist destination in this area. In 1949, a large US Navy training base opened north of Twentynine Palms, significantly increasing traffic to the area.

The number State Route 62 for this route was created during the major renumbering of 1964. The road was previously numbered as State Route 187. State Route 62 ended in Twentynine Palms in 1964, and in 1970 it was extended east through the desert to the Arizona border. It is possible that the road was only built at that time.

The four-lane/double-lane portion of State Route 62 has been around since the 1980s or earlier. Parts of the route are still an undivided highway, with oncoming traffic on 4 lanes. The bridge over the Colorado River near Parker, Arizona opened in 1937 and was replaced by a new bridge between 2011 and 2014. This bridge opened on October 1, 2014.

Traffic intensities

Every day, 18,000 vehicles drive off I-10 onto State Route 62, rising to 21,000 vehicles in Morongo Valley, 28,000 vehicles in Yucca Valley and 18,000 vehicles in Joshua Tree. 15,000 vehicles drive through Twentynine Palms. East of Twentynine Palms, the road is dead, with only 900 vehicles per day for a long stretch through the Mojave Desert. This increases slightly to 2,000 vehicles near US 95 and 6,700 vehicles on the bridge over the Colorado River that forms the border with Arizona.

State Route 62 in California

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Entertainment and Attractions in Jamaica https://www.programingplease.com/entertainment-and-attractions-in-jamaica.html Fri, 09 Dec 2022 06:21:31 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1389 Jamaica is considered one of the richest countries in the entire Caribbean in terms of attractions. However, they are all located in different parts of the island, so you will have to ride for the impressions. See JIBIN123 for Jamaica customs regulations and visa requirements.

Architecture

Not far from Montego Bay is the 19th century Belvedere Estate. It is a kind of museum of the era when the slave system reigned in Jamaica. Here you can see a dam built by slaves, sugarcane plantations where slaves worked, and the house itself is stylized as a building of the 17th century. You can explore the estate on your own or with a guided tour, in the second case, the price includes a traditional Jamaican lunch with live music.

In Montego Bay itself, it is worth visiting the Appleton Estate rum factory. Tours are conducted around the factory, where you can learn the history of Jamaican rum, see the process of its creation and taste several varieties.

The architecture of Spanish Town is all designed in the spirit of the 17th century, even new houses are built here only in this style so that they fit into the urban landscape. The main local attraction is the Rodney Memorial. It was built in honor of Admiral George Bridges Rodney, the commander-in-chief of the British army, who defended the city and prevented the French-Spanish army from capturing it. On the sides of the memorial are guns, from which they annually fire a volley in honor of this victory. There is a legend that these guns were taken from the French in that very battle.

St. Catherine’s Cathedral in Spanish Town is one of the oldest architectural monuments in Jamaica. It was built in the 17th century, and even wooden carvings and clay moldings have been preserved on it.

Rose Hall Mansion is one of Jamaica’s most mysterious landmarks. It is located 20 minutes by car from Montego Bay and is known as the home of the legendary Anya Palmer, sometimes called the White Witch of Jamaica (white – purely because of the color of her skin). According to legend, Ani wielded voodoo magic and killed her husband in order to take possession of his estate, and then began to seduce slaves, who in the morning suffered the same fate as her husband. In 1965, the new owners of the house opened a museum here, but legends about the ghost of a woman who walks the stairs and sighs are still alive.

Adventure lovers will love the old town of Port Royal, where pirates used to live. Today it houses the Maritime Museum, the defensive Fort Charles, and a unique 45-degree stilt house.

There is a Bob Marley Museum in Kingston, it is located in the house where the musician lived since 1975. The house is very bright, painted with portraits of Marley and colorful graffiti. The layout remained intact – as during the life of the singer, however, several rooms were completed: a library, a recording studio for the musician’s children, and his daughter’s branded clothing store.

On the walls of the museum you can see not only drawings, but also bullet holes left after the assassination attempt on the reggae legend.

The rooms of the museum contain Bob Marley’s favorite star-shaped guitar, his stage costumes, gold records and CDs, awards and magazine clippings.

4 things to do in Jamaica:

  1. Ride ostriches in the famous Keshu Park on the south coast of the island.
  2. Watch the sunset from the 2220m high Blue Peak in eastern Jamaica. Then visit the coffee planter’s estates to sample some of the world’s finest freshly brewed Blue Mountains
  3. Rafting on the Martha Brae, Black River and in the Mountain Valley
  4. Hand feed a hummingbird at Montego Bay Nature Reserve.

Nature

The Dunn’s River Falls are one of the most beautiful places on the entire island. They are located in the middle of a real jungle, their height is 55 m. Near the waterfalls there is a beach where you can swim. The most desperate can climb to the top on foot – the stones are very slippery, so it is recommended to be as careful as possible and not go there alone.

All tourists at the waterfalls are met by the donkey Bunny, with whom you can take a picture – this is a long-term tradition and a local attraction.

You can get to the waterfalls on tourist buses that leave from Ocho Rios every day at 10:00.

Another very picturesque place is the Blue Lagoon. People come here not only for spectacular views: it is believed that local water has a very beneficial effect on the skin.

Near the port city of Falmouth, there is a luminous lagoon – microorganisms live there, whose chitinous cover glows bright turquoise in the dark.

The highest point of the island – Blue Peak – is located in the Blue Mountains (Blue Mountain). Its height is 2147 m, and from this peak the most beautiful views of the entire island open up. It is believed that it is best to meet the dawn here, and in order to see the first rays of the sun, the ascent must begin at dusk. For those who wish, there are organized walking tours.

On the south coast, in Lakovia, there is an ostrich farm – Cashoo Ostrich Park, where you can feed ostriches and ride them.

Leisure

Rafting is popular in Jamaica – a trip along the river on a bamboo raft, during which you can admire plants of rare beauty on the banks, as well as catamaran rides and snorkeling in coral bays. The most popular places for this are the Great River near Montego Bay, the Black River near Ocho Rios and the Rio Grande near Port Antonio.

The best waves for surfing and windsurfing can be found on the northeast and southeast coasts, where there are equipment rentals and instructors on popular beaches. For diving, the usual choice is the coral reef and the surroundings of the sunken Port Royal.

Attractions in Jamaica

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The Great American West https://www.programingplease.com/the-great-american-west.html Thu, 01 Dec 2022 15:14:58 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1384 Imagine yourself in a wild west movie and relive the time of the native Indians, cowboys and pioneers during a holiday in the Great American West. Travel through beautiful landscapes where time seems to stand still for centuries. Where wildlife travels through the vast nature and finds its way undisturbed. Where you as a visitor are overwhelmed by the beauty, variety and appearance of national parks, historic sites and the hospitality of the people. Dive into the real Wild West during a vacation in the Great American West!

According to growtheology, the Great American West is made up of the five states of Wyoming , Montana , Idaho , South Dakota , and North Dakota . A justified name for the region, since in these states you can still find a lot of the cultural heritage of the native Indians and the special history of pioneers on their journey of discovery through the unknown and vast land. And not to forget: the real wild west adventures of the cowboys.

You will find different climates spread over the states, so the climate of the Central States is not easy to describe. From a maritime climate to a land and steppe climate, with even a high mountain climate in the higher areas. As a rule, the summers are pleasantly warm and the winters can be quite cold. The latter does not have to be a problem for winter sports enthusiasts!

Nationale Parken in the Great American West

The Great American West is home to impressive national parks including Yellowstone National Park and Glacier National Park. Impressive parks where the power of nature overwhelms and invites you to spend several days. But we can also call the presidents of Mount Rushmore National Memorial majestic. The stately and imposing heads overlook the landscape of South Dakota’s Black Hills.

Other national parks to visit during a vacation in the Great American West include Grand Teton National Park, Badlands National Park, and Theodore Roosevelt National Park. In addition, Fossil Butte National Monument, Devills Tower National Monument, and Fort Laramie National Historic Site are places that demonstrate the beauty of the region.

Wild West

Want a little more action on your vacation through the Great American West? Then visit one of the many ranches where the cowboys still ride their horses into the fields to guide their cattle. And at night, join the cowboys at a rodeo. This typical American tradition is honored in almost every town and village.

World famous are the Cheyenne Frontier Days where since 1897 western culture has been celebrated with a large festival. The absolute highlight of this festival is the world’s largest rodeo, where professionals compete for prize money of more than one million dollars.

Discover the Native Americans

The Great American West is home to a very rich history of the original inhabitants, the Native Americans. Get to know the ancient American Indian culture during your tour. For example during one of the annual Powwows: large and often multi-day events full of song, dance and traditional rituals. The most famous Powwow is the United Tribes International Powwow in Bismarck, North Dakota in September.

As a tourist in the states of The Great American West, you have the unique opportunity to learn and experience how Native American Indian culture has become indispensable in the economic and cultural contribution to the American Rocky Mountains .

Beautiful nature in the Great American West

Enjoying the great nature in combination with dazzling action? That is also possible during a holiday in The Great American West. The green forests, serene golden plains and breathtaking mountain peaks make Custer State Park, in the Black Hills of South Dakota, more than worth a visit.

But this State Park is also home to the largest herd of bison in the world. These imposing animals really complete the western picture. Every fall, this herd of approximately 1,300 bison is spectacularly herded together by many loudly whistling cowboys and cowgirls during the Buffalo Roundup. The dull thumping of thousands of hooves makes it a special and imposing spectacle that you can visit as a tourist.

The Great American West Landmarks

Fans of walking, cycling, horseback riding or action on the water will also get their money’s worth during a holiday at The Great American West. Activities such as ziplines and high rope circuits where you slide in a harness on a cable over treetops and great landscapes have been gaining ground rapidly in recent years. Not surprising, because such adventures really make the holiday unforgettable! The Rocky Mountains are a true paradise

for winter sports enthusiasts and daredevils . Snow-capped peaks offer many kilometers of ski slopes in the winter months, after which the meltwater transforms rivers and streams into the scene of sensational rafting and canoeing trips. The best way to discover The Great American West is on a tour by your own car or camper. Follow predetermined route or determine the rhythm and destination of your next trip along the way. The Great American West is waiting to be discovered!

The Great American West

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Hakone, Japan https://www.programingplease.com/hakone-japan.html Fri, 25 Nov 2022 08:36:35 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1382 The Japanese call Hakone one of the best resorts in the country. The reason is that there is everything here to make the traveler feel the spirit of the Land of the Rising Sun with the attributes of relaxation familiar to Westerners: many historical monuments are adjacent to modern spa complexes, traditional hotels are next to open-air museums. The city of Hakone itself is located relatively close to Tokyo, which also affects its demand for tourists. But still, the most important reason to come here is to see the canonical view of Mount Fuji, which is probably familiar to every schoolchild. The uniqueness of Hakone is dozens of hot springs, each of which has a unique mineral composition.

How to get to Hakone

The journey in Hakone starts in Tokyo. You can read more about how to get to the capital of Japan here. Check liuxers for customs and traditions of Japan.

Express trains run between Tokyo Shinjuku Station and Hakone. A journey lasting 1 hour 25 minutes will cost 4100 JPY. The slower train takes about 2 hours but costs 2050 JPY.

Buses run from Shinjuku to Hakone every 30 minutes. The trip will take approximately 2 hours (if there are no traffic jams) and will cost 2050 JPY.

What to watch

Many tourist spots in Hakone can be reached by the regional railways’ unique Hakone Tozan train. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that, climbing the mountain serpentine, starting from the entrance to the town, it changes its direction three times to the opposite. This is the steepest railway line in Japan: the height difference is 80 m per 1 km of track.

From the window of the train with difficulty climbing up, bewitching landscapes of the valley of the Haya-kava River strewn with lush greenery open up.

Hakone has attracted travelers for centuries with its hot springs. Today, you can enjoy them in many spas and ryokans (traditional Japanese inns) in the city. The most famous and oldest spring in the region is Yumoto. There is high quality water and a large number of baths and pools. A special concentration of hot springs is along the shore of Lake Ashi and on the slopes of numerous mountains.

You can improve your body and mind with healing water in public baths or ryokans. By the way, most of the latter open access to baths for everyone, and not just their guests. True, if hotel guests relax in hot tubs for free, then ordinary tourists must buy tickets worth from 1500 to 2950 JPY.

Hakone Hotels

The main accommodation option in Hakone is ryokans built next to hot springs. These hotels, despite the ascetic design of the rooms, offer a wide range of services. The cost of living in Hakone is quite high. It increases even more during the weekend, when crowds of tourists come here from relatively close Tokyo. The average cost of a room in a ryokan is 20,000-30,000 JPY.

Things to do

In addition to bathing in the numerous hot springs, tourists have many other options for spending time in Hakone.

The local landscape is ideal for hiking. You can go on your own route – wherever your eyes look. And you can visit, for example, the tourist center in the village of Togendai and get acquainted with the layout of the Hakone neighborhood with hiking trails marked on it.

One of the most popular routes starts here in Togendai and goes to the village of Owakudani. From there, the trail goes to Mount Komagatake, capturing the tops of the Kanmurigatake and Kami hills along the way. From Komagatake, you can go down by funicular and return by bus to Togendai (the last cabin leaves from Komagatake at 16:50). This hike takes 3 hours and allows you to get acquainted with the natural features of Hakone. Moreover, trekking boots are not required – comfortable sneakers are enough.

After the hike, or the day after, you can visit the Hakone Open Air Museum. The creators of the exposition managed to maintain harmony between the art objects and the nature around them. The museum is located next to the Chokoku No Mori Station of the Hakone Tozan Regional Railway. From Hakone, it’s only a 30-minute drive. Ticket price: 670 JPY. The museum has several exhibition spaces, both outdoors and in pavilions.

The Picasso Exhibition Hall presents art objects related to the work of the great artist, as well as photographs telling about his life.

The emerald lawns of the open-air museum are dotted with abstract art objects from Japanese and foreign artists. One of the largest is the Symphonic Sculpture. It is a tower-like hollow structure so that visitors can enter inside. A spiral staircase leads to the top of the tower. The walls of the Symphonic Sculpture are decorated with beautiful stained-glass windows. At the very top there is an observation deck, which offers a wonderful view of the park and the mountains surrounding it. The museum has shops and cafes. There is also a playground.

Weather

The most comfortable weather is observed in Hakone in April, May, August, September, October and November. In general, most tourists try to come here in late spring – early autumn. The weather at this time of the year is comfortable for long walks, as there is no rain, heat or cold.

Hakone, Japan

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Nassau, Bahamas https://www.programingplease.com/nassau-bahamas.html Fri, 18 Nov 2022 15:33:37 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1380 After Americans were banned from vacationing in Cuba, US citizens rushed to the Bahamas. They were greeted with open arms by the capital of the islands, the city of Nassau. So what? It has a beautiful harbor, vibrant nightlife, tropical climate and natural beauty. In such conditions, not only about Cuba – you will forget about your own house with a striped flag.

Other tourists followed the Americans to the islands. Nassau accepted everyone – such a benevolent city. It has gained a reputation as a tourist center where you can relax during the day and light up at night.

How to get there

According to wholevehicles, there are no direct flights from Russia to Nassau. The local airport accepts planes from some US cities, London, Montreal and Toronto. If you have an American visa, then you can fly with a transfer in the States. There is a ferry from Florida to the islands – it departs from Fort Lauderdale every day and spends 5 hours on the way. The Bahamas maintain air links with other Caribbean countries, including Cuba.

Russians do not need a visa to visit Nassau for tourism purposes. When crossing the border, you present a valid passport, round-trip air tickets and confirmation that you have enough money to stay in the country.

Transportation

Public transport is not developed in the Bahamas. The best way to travel between the islands is by plane. But here’s the problem – the flight schedule changes all the time, and passengers are not informed about this.

The best way to get around Nassau is by taxi or by renting a car. Taxi drivers pay by meter. To rent a car, you need to prove that you are over 21 years old and present an international driving license. Remember: in Nassau – left-hand traffic.

Paradise Island (Paradise Island), which is part of the city, can be reached by water taxi.

Nassau Hotels

The choice of hotels in Nassau depends on the thickness of your wallet. But in any case, get ready for the fact that living in the city is not cheap. You can find two-star hotels, more like a cottage, where you will be offered rooms from 1500 rubles. But more often come across hotels of the level of 3 “stars” and above, where a double room will cost from 2.5-3 thousand rubles per night. But in fact, any hotel offers a beautiful view of the ocean, pool and beach in three steps.

In Nassau, many hotels include a 10 percent government tax on their bills. So don’t be surprised if your stay costs a little more than you expected.

Nassau beaches

The beaches in Nassau are paradise – with selected white sand, clear water, coral reefs. It’s great to go sailing, water skiing, diving or sport fishing.

The most famous beach in Nassau is located on Paradise Island. It is connected to the city by a bridge. The beach has a great view of the ocean. The island is suitable for families with children. Many local companies recruit apprentices to teach water sports. In a week, your child will learn how to swim or, for example, play water polo.

Cuisine and restaurants

Nassau has several restaurants that are known even outside the islands. For example, Martinique – with excellent French cuisine and impeccable service. This restaurant was mentioned in one of the first James Bond films. After that, the institution became a place of pilgrimage for Bond fans.

Humidor Churrascaria is a Brazilian diner. Here you can order a steak, roast lamb pork, a variety of salads. More than 200,000 bottles of wine are stored in the cellar, and there are 90 cigars in the establishment alone.

Authentic Bahamian cuisine is best experienced at Portofino. Buffet breakfast is served here, national cuisine days are held on Fridays, and seafood and various delicacies are served on Saturdays.

The shops

In Nassau, most goods are sold duty-free, which affects the pricing policy of stores – perfumes, jewelry, photographic equipment, porcelain, watches are 50 percent cheaper than in other countries.

Local souvenirs are products made from straw and shells, fabrics, perfumes, alcoholic drinks. National clothes, jewelry, as well as symbols and amulets are popular among tourists. There are no restrictions on the import of currency and the export of goods in the country, so you can buy whatever you want.

2 things to do in Nassau

  1. Getting to the Junkanoo festival is the island’s main festival, which is held at Christmas, New Year and in the summer, from July to August. Actors put on a costumed performance about the Bahamas and its history.
  2. Meet the dolphins — Paradise Island hosts the world-famous Dolphin Meet program. Under the supervision of an instructor, you swim with mammals, communicate with them, learn to understand these wonderful animals. First of all, this program is designed for children.

Attractions and attractions Nassau

The main attractions of the capital of the Bahamas, which will help you better understand the history and life of this country.

Parliament Square

This is the most romantic place in the city where couples in love gather. All the main government offices of the country face the square with their facades. The center of the capital at lunchtime is occupied by office clerks eating sandwiches, and in the evenings tourists take their place.

Paradise Island

This island is considered the resort area of ​​Nassau. The best hotels, beaches and casinos are concentrated here. At the beginning of the 20th century, only fishermen lived on the island, and few people were interested in it. But soon an unprecedented excitement began here – the island was changing before our eyes. At one time, representatives of the Italian and Iranian monarchies loved to live here.

royal gardens

The islanders still respect the British Empire, although its rule in the Bahamas is purely symbolic. In honor of Queen Victoria, a botanical garden was opened in Nassau. Hundreds of varieties of pink flower beds and tropical trees grow in the park, artificial ponds and channels have been created.

Royal stairs

The staircase is located near the central part of the city. It is a limestone rock with 65 steps carved into it. The staircase connects the lower and upper parts of the capital.

According to legend, after the death of the British Queen Victoria, the governor of the island ordered the slaves to carve a monument in the form of steps into the rock. Each step symbolizes the year of the royal person’s life, and the entire monument symbolizes the high merits of the crown.

Nassau, Bahamas

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Sights of Livorno, Italy https://www.programingplease.com/sights-of-livorno-italy.html Fri, 11 Nov 2022 06:40:07 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1378 Until the fifteenth century, Livorno was little more than a fishing village. Now a real port city. The port, which later became of great importance to the city of Livorno, was built on the orders of Cardinal Giulio de Medici. Now large cruise ships regularly arrive at Livorno Port. The city center is located around Piazza del Municipio. Here are beautiful buildings such as that of the town hall. Actually, the city is full of beautiful houses and buildings, mostly built in the Renaissance. There are also noteworthy museums such as the Museo Virtuale d’Arte Contemporanea and Museo Mascagnano. The long promenade that runs from the harbor towards the town of Antignano leads you along the beautiful coast of Livorno.

Top 10 things to do in Livorno

#1. Duomo di Livorno
According to Computerdo, the cathedral of Livorno can be found on the Piazza Grande. The base of the Duomo di Livorno was built as early as the sixteenth century. After that, parts were added and modified. The cathedral was not spared during the Second World War. Fortunately, everything has been restored and you can enjoy this beautiful piece of architecture. It is remarkable that the rear has a completely different appearance than the front.

#2. Piazza Grande Markt
This most important and imposing square in Livorno has a number of monumental buildings to offer. For example, here are the royal palace and the cathedral of Livorno. After the square was largely destroyed during the Second World War, they managed to restore its beauty. Here you will find the Palazzo della Dogana, built in the seventeenth century, which houses the Chamber of Commerce. Palazzo Granducale, the royal palace. And the Palazzo Comunale which houses the town hall.

#3. Venezia Nuova
The city district Venezia Nuova can be called special. With its many canals that run through the district, it immediately reminds you of Venice. Although Venezia Nuova has not been around since the founding of Livorno, it is considered by many to be the true center of the city. Over the centuries, many old buildings and churches have been preserved. The district is most lively during the festivities of the annual Effetto Venezia. The streets and canals are elaborately decorated and there are many stalls, street performers and performances to admire. Effetto Venezia is organized in the summer months.

#4. Fortezza Vecchia
As a protective fortress, the Fortezza Vecchia was strategically placed in the harbor. From here it had to fend off attacks and fight for the existence of the city and its city limits. Centuries later, Fortezza Vecchia has served as a barracks and military academy. Today it hosts all kinds of cultural events.

#5. Fortezza Nuova
During the sixteenth century, this fortress was built by order of the Medici government. Then the pentagonal design of the city of Livorno was created. It was enclosed by a city wall surrounded by water. The Fortezza Nuova is also located in a pool of water and is connected to the mainland by bridges.

#6. Viale Italia
The lovely pedestrian promenade, Viale Italia, runs from the harbor to the village of Antignano. On the one side the coast of the Ligurian Sea and on the other side the beautiful backdrop of Livorno. Along the way you will pass a number of sights such as Terrazza Mascagni, military university Naval Academy, Castello Sonnino and all kinds of historic houses and buildings.

#7. La Chiesa di San Jacopo
This church is located in the most beautiful location of Livorno. It is located a few meters from the sea. The start of the construction of the San Jacopo is around 1160. After years of construction, it is finished around 1897. Since then it has been adapted and restored a number of times. It is still considered the most beautiful church in Livorno.

#8. Aquarium Diacinto Cestoni
This interesting aquarium is named after the biologist and scientist Diacinto Cestoni. He was the person who proved that scabies is caused by a parasite. There is also a lot to learn in this aquarium, but especially about the sea and everything that lives in it. Finally, a piece about Mediterranean history is told.

#9. Museo Civico Giovanni Fattori
The beautiful aristocratic villa ‘Villa Mimbelli’ houses the museum, which is partly dedicated to the Italian painter Giovanni Fattori. In addition to his works, there are also other beautiful paintings and works of art by celebrities to admire. Over the years, the museum has been supplemented with some archaeological objects.

#10. Teatro Carlo Goldoni
The foundation stone of Teatro Carlo Goldoni was laid around 1843. After many restorations, this building has still retained its authentic character. This most important theater in the city of Livorno presents all kinds of masterpieces from the history of music. In particular the pieces by the Italian composer/conductor Pietro Antonio Stefano Macagni, of which there is even an indoor museum.

Livorno, Italy

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Landmarks of Barcelona, ​​Spain https://www.programingplease.com/landmarks-of-barcelona-%e2%80%8b%e2%80%8bspain.html Fri, 04 Nov 2022 05:15:34 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1376 Barcelonais a city located in the northeast of Spain, on the Mediterranean Sea. This city of FC Barcelona and Gaudí is the second city of Spain. In terms of tourism by the Dutch, it is the largest city trip destination. Due to the rise of low-cost airlines at the end of the last century, flight tickets to Barcelona suddenly became very affordable, which has been a major boost for tourism to Barcelona. In the summer months, many tourists traditionally come to Barcelona from nearby seaside resorts to shop, enjoy the Spanish cuisine and see the many sights of the city. You can also enjoy beach life in Barcelona itself.

According to Cellphoneexplorer, Barcelona has almost everything you are looking for in a city trip destination: charm, atmosphere, beautiful spot, beautiful squares, cool museums and unique sights that make it worthwhile to fly to Barcelona especially for it. Add to that the fact that you can eat delicious food, shop for days on end and that Barcelona is an affordable city with a wonderful climate. Then it is almost a matter of course that millions of tourists come here every year.

Top 10 sights of Barcelona

#1. Sagrada Familia

Whichever website or travel guide you read, they all agree that the Sagrada Familiashould be high on your list of things to do in Barcelona. The full name of this imposing church is ‘Basílica y Templo Expiatorio de la Sagrada Família’. From 1882 to the present day, this church is being built. The official delivery is expected to take place in 2026. The design is by Antoni Gaudí. A name that you often notice in Barcelona. The Sagrada Família is a ‘reconciliation church’ and may only be built through donations. That probably explains why construction is taking so long. The church has since become a tourist attraction. The inside is just as impressive as the outside. Antoni Gaudí is also buried here in the crypt of Sagrada Família.

At Sagrada Familiathere are often queues that are more than a hundred meters long. These are the people who have not bought a ticket in advance via the internet where you can enter directly within a certain time slot. Via Ticketbar, an official partner of Sagrada Familia, you can buy ‘skip the line’ tickets with which you can enter directly. For a small additional fee you can also participate in a one and a half hour guided tour of Sagrada Familia. These tours are only held in small groups, giving you the feeling that you are traveling with a private guide. Keep in mind that you sometimes have to book at least a few days in advance to be sure of your spot.

#2. Sights of Antoni Gaudi

The originally Spanish architect Antoni Gaudíhas designed at least 1900 striking buildings and other objects. Most of them are in Barcelona, ​​where he studied and lived from the age of seventeen and where he also died in 1926. This happened after he was hit by a tram. Antoni Gaudí was particularly notable for his idiosyncrasy, which was often reflected in his works later on. His most famous work in Barcelona is Sagrada Família. Here he is also buried in the crypt. More of his architectural delights and artistic objects can be admired in the Parc Güell urban park. A Gaudí museum is located there in his former home. The city of Barcelona still has a lot of legacy from this great master.

No one should leave Barcelona without Casa Milà to have seen. This special piece of architecture by Gaudí is one of the absolute highlights of Barcelona. Casa Milà is a building of apartments located on Carrer d’Olot street, close to Parc Güell. Like so many works by Gaudí, this is another special piece. Although the building is on a corner, you experience the corner side as one whole. Inside the building you will find frescoes, reliefs and two courtyards in style. The undulating movements on the outside in the facade are also reflected in Gaudí’s benches in the Parc Güell. The roof has even been given a name: ‘Jardin de los Gauerreros’, which means ‘garden of the warriors’. Due to a conflict with his client, Gaudí never completely finished the building.

Parc Güell is a special city park in Barcelona. Parc Guellis located in the Gràcia district. This green heart of the city has an enormous amount of trees, avenues and squares. Gaudí has ​​ensured that his art has transformed the park into a place worth seeing in Barcelona. A giant snake meanders through the park and offers a seat spread across the park. This park was created by Antoni Gaudí on behalf of Eusebi Güell. Initially, there was little interest from the inhabitants. In this park you will find, among other things, the Gaudí museum, a porter’s lodge, a porter’s house, a large staircase with a mythological dragon and a very large balcony from where you have a great view over the city.

Please note: nowadays you have to pay an entrance fee for the most beautiful part of Park Güell. If you do not do this, you cannot enter immediately, but you must buy tickets on site for the next time slot. In most cases, that is hours later. You always buy your ticket for a specific time slot. So be on time!

#3. Historical centre

The old center of Barcelona is a neighborhood that you should not miss during your visit to Barcelona. The historic heart of the city is known under the names Barri Gotic (literally translation: ‘gothic quarter’) and Ciutat Vella(meaning ‘old quarter’). The historic center is a beautiful collection of cozy narrow streets that are interspersed with various squares. A reasonable part of the streets is used as a shopping street. Barri Gotic is seen as an excellent place for shopping in Barcelona because of the many shops. The nice thing about shopping in the old center is that you will still find plenty of small shops and boutiques here that have their own identity.

There are several fascinating sights within the historic center. Barcelona Cathedral is the most famous building within the Barri Gotic. Another church often visited by tourists is the Baroque-style Basílica de Nuestra Señora de la Merced. The Plaça Reial is a place within the old heart of Barcelona that you should definitely visit. This rectangular and car-free square is a wonderful oasis within the fairly busy city. The square features palm trees, a fountain and unique lampposts designed by Gaudi. The various terraces of the restaurants located on Plaça Reial ensure that you can enjoy a snack and a drink in a great setting.

#4. FC Barcelona stadium

Barcelona and the football club of the same name are inextricably linked. It is not for nothing that a visit to the Camp Nou football templehigh on the wish list of football fans. The most fantastic matches are played in the stadium of FC Barcelona. Especially the derbies against Real Madrid are legendary. When there is no football, you can visit Camp Nou. You get a tour of the stadium and you can also take a look at the catacombs. See with your own eyes the players’ tunnel that Johan Cruijff, Frank de Boer and Ronald Koeman once walked through. At the end of the tour you can visit the FC Barcelona Museum and of course the shop. Those who are smart and do not want to stand in a queue can reserve their tickets online in advance.

#5. Mercat de la Boqueria

Mercat de la Boqueria means something like ‘market where goat meat is sold’. This market is the largest and most beautiful fresh market in Spain, where not only goat meat is sold for a long time. This paradise for those who love good food really stimulates all the senses. All kinds of delicacies pass by: fruit, meat, fish, vegetables, cheese, olives, herbs, grains and many more goodies that literally make your mouth water. Mercat de la Boqueria is a place where you can get to know the culinary side in a casual atmosphere. Those who wish can participate in one of the cooking workshops where renowned chefs will teach you the intricacies of Catalan cuisine.

#6. La Rambla

Water used to be drained to the sea via the Rambla, which came from the mountains. Now this is a very pleasant boulevard where there is always something to do. La Ramblaruns from Plaça Catalunya to Port Vell harbour. La Rambla officially consists of five sections: Rambla Canaletes with the fountain of Font les Canaletes. Rambla Estudis, named after a 16th century academic institution and home to attractions such as Palau Comillas and Reial Adademia de Ciences i Arts. Rambla St. Josep with its many cozy flower stalls is named after the monastery that used to be here. The red light district ‘Barri Xines’ also starts in this section. The places of interest here are Placa Reial, Palau Güell, Gran Teatre del Liceu. Rambla Santa Mònica is also named after a convent which is now called Center d’Art Santa Monica. In this section you will find the Museo de Cera. This is a wax museum that takes you back to history. You can walk straight to the harbor via this most southern part of the Rambla.

#7. Plaza Catalunya

Plaça Catalunya is seen as the heart of Barcelona. There is always a lot of visitors on this large square in Barcelona. Partly because the metro, bus, taxis and many pedestrians converge here. It is therefore the most central point of the city. It is fairly green and therefore attracts enough pigeons. You will also find beautiful fountains, sculptures and often there are musical festivities. Plaça Catalunya is definitely worth a visit in the evening. The square is then very attractively lit.

#8. Barcelona

The great thing about Barcelona is that it is located on the beach. This allows you to combine beach and city in one holiday. The Barceloneta district is the most popular beach destination in Barcelona. This is not only due to the favorable location. Sure, it’s great that you can walk to Barceloneta beach in ten minutes from the center. The main reason for Barceloneta’s popularity is its long and wide sandy beach, where locals and tourists come to sunbathe, swim and stroll. The car-free pedestrian boulevard is a popular meeting place and offers you a great view over the beach.

In Barceloneta you can enjoy atmospheric terraces, beautiful architecture and a wonderful atmosphere. You hardly have the feeling of being in a big city here, except for the hustle and bustle. Places of interest within Barceloneta are the Estacion de Francia, the Historical Museum of Catalonia and Port Olimpic. This brand new marina was built for the Olympic cities of Barcelona in 1992.

The most striking building of Barceloneta is Hotel W Barcelona, ​​which can be called an iconic building with its sail shape. A stay at the luxurious W Barcelona means a great night’s sleep in great rooms, treatment like a VIP and perhaps the best view from the pool in all of Barcelona. That alone would be a reason to stay at the W Barcelona Hotel.

#9. Palau de la Musica Catalana

Palau de la Música is a beautiful concert hall from 1908 with a special dome consisting of a lot of glass. The main hall has room for approximately 2073 seats and is decorated with statues of the famous composer Richard Wagner. The inside radiates with its splendor all wealth. The exterior is not inferior with its beautiful pillars and lots of mosaic. On top of the building are the statues of Bach, Beethoven and Palestrina.

#10. Port Vell

The Port of Barcelona is as old and important as the city itself. Many goods are transported to and from this Spanish region via this port. It is also an important and frequently used mooring place for cruise boats. At the beginning of the Ramblas is the old “pleasure” harbor ‘Port Vell’. You will find various excursions and good restaurants, bars and terraces here. There is also a large shopping center ‘Maremàgnum’ and Europe’s largest aquarium filled with six million liters of sea water. On the south side of the harbor there is more industrial area.

The most beautiful way to view Port Vell is from the air. This is possible thanks to the cable car that runs from Port Vell to the city. Reservations are recommended for this affordable and unique experience.

Barcelona, ​​Spain

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US 209 and 219 in Pennsylvania https://www.programingplease.com/us-209-and-219-in-pennsylvania.html Sun, 30 Oct 2022 04:58:03 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1373 US 209 in Pennsylvania
US 209
Begin Millersburg
End Matamoras
Length 173 mi
Length 278 km
Route
MIllesburg

Tremont

Pottsville

Tamaqua

Lehington

Stroudsburg

Milford

Matamoras

New York

According to toppharmacyschools, US 209 is a US Highway in the US state of Pennsylvania. The road forms an east-west route in the east of the state. The road begins at the Susquehanna River in Millersburg and then heads east, through Stroudsburg to the New York border. The road is 278 kilometers long.

Travel directions

The road begins in Millersburg at the intersection with SR-147, 45 kilometers north of the state capital Harrisburg. The road then heads east, between steep ridges of the Appalachian Mountains. There are relatively few villages on the route, after 60 kilometers you reach Interstate 81. The road then runs through the countryside via Pottsville and Tamaqua to Lehighton, a village reached after 80 kilometers. Interstate 476 is crossed here. One comes here through a canyon.

The road then continues through the countryside and after 25 miles reaches State Route 33. Interstate 80 is also crossed in the town of Stroudsburg. US 209 then begins a route to the northeast, parallel to the Delaware River. After 55 kilometers, US 6 merges from Scranton and both roads merge to the New York border. Just before the border one crosses the Interstate 84. Then you cross the Delaware River and continue on US 209 in New York towards Port Jervis and Kingston.

History

US 209 was created in 1926. US 209 originally began on US 22 at an intersection called Clarks Ferry. The route then ran to Milford. In 1934 the route was extended into upstate New York and in 1936 US 209 was shortened from Clarks Ferry to Millersburg, about 15 miles to the north, leaving US 209 no longer on another US Highway, but on State Route 147.

US 219 in Pennsylvania

US 219
Get started Salisbury
End Bradford
Length 206 mi
Length 331 km
Route
Maryland

Freeway

Meyersdale (South)

Meyersdale (North)

Somerset

Geiger

Husband

Boswell

jerome

Davidsville

Geistown

Elton

Johnstown

Johnstown Airport

St. Michael

South Fork

Ebensburg

Revloc

carrolltown

du Bois

Brockway

ridgeway

Lantz Corners

freeway

South Bradford

Bradford

PA-46

Foster Brook

New York

US 219 is a US Highway in the US state of Pennsylvania. The road forms a north-south route in the western part of the state, running from Salisbury on the Maryland border to Bradford on the New York border. The route is partly a motorway. The total route is 331 kilometers long.

Travel directions

US 219 near Johnstown.

The road crosses the Maryland – Pennsylvania border at Salisbury and then heads north as a single-lane main road. From Somerset, US 219 is a freeway and intersects with Interstate 76, but there is no interchange with it. The highway section is then about 75 kilometers long and passes by the city of Johnstown. A little further north you cross US 22. Not long after, the highway section ends and US 219 returns to a single-lane highway through the hills of the Appalachian Mountains. More than 100 kilometers after that you cross the Interstate 80 at Du Bois. You then pass through a less populated area. At the border town of Bradford, US 219 again forms a short motorway. TheUS 219 in New York then continues towards Buffalo.

History

US 219 was created in 1926. The northern terminus at the time was Bradford, on the border with New York state. In 1934, the route was moved further north into New York State.

In 1965 the first section of highway opened around Johnstown. In 1967 the highway extended north to US 22 and from 1969 south to US 30. In 1970 the highway extended further south to the south side of Somerset. In 1971, the highway opened around northern Bradford and reached the New York state border in 1975. In 1977, the highway opened around Ebensburg, north of US 22. By 1979, the Bradford bypass was completed. In January 1999, the Meyersdale Short Bypass opened in southern Pennsylvania. Between March 2015 and November 2018, a 17-kilometer stretch of freeway was constructed between Meyersdale and Somerset. This route opened on November 21, 2018.

Traffic intensities

3,700 vehicles drive daily on the Maryland border, rising to 6,500 vehicles at Somerset and 11,000 to 14,000 vehicles on the freeway as far as Johnstown. This peaks at nearly 20,000 vehicles between Johnstown and Ebensburg. Further north, traffic intensities drop sharply, to just 1,500 to 4,500 vehicles per day on a long stretch from Ebensburg to DuBois. At I-80, 7,000 vehicles a day, and 4,000 to 6,000 vehicles as far as Bradford. After that, about 5,000 vehicles will drive on the border with the state of New York.

US 219 in Pennsylvania

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State Route 33 and 34 in Texas https://www.programingplease.com/state-route-33-and-34-in-texas.html Fri, 28 Oct 2022 18:43:33 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1370 State Route 33 in Texas
SH 33
Get started Canadian
End Durham
Length 23 mi
Length 37 km
Route
Oklahoma OK-33

According to toppharmacyschools.org, State Route 33, commonly known as State Highway 33 or SH 33 is a state route in the US state of Texas. The road forms an east-west route in uninhabited areas in the Texas Panhandle, southeast of Canadian. SH 33 is 37 kilometers long.

Travel directions

About 10 kilometers south of the town of Canadian, SH 33 begins at an intersection with US 60 and US 83. The road heads east, parallel to the Canadian River for some distance, through monotonous steppe territory. There are many drilling platforms (pumpjacks) along the way. The road is single-lane and does not pass through or cross any other road. After 37 kilometers you reach the border with Oklahoma, from where State Route 33 in Oklahoma continues to Cheyenne.

History

SH 33 was proposed in 1917 as SH 13, a planned route in the Texas Panhandle from Amarillo through Wheeler to Oklahoma. SH 33 was assigned to this route in 1919. However, the route was scrapped in 1938. The current route was originally numbered SH 170, but was renumbered SH 33 in 1955 to connect to the same road number in Oklahoma.

SH 33 is a secondary link connecting mostly uninhabited ranchland. There are no places on the route, not even by extension in Oklahoma.

Traffic intensities

Every day 2,000 vehicles drive on the road, a relatively large number given the fact that there are no places on the route. This is because there are few bridges in the area over the parallel flowing Canadian River.

State Route 34 in Texas

SH 34
Get started Italy
End Honey Grove
Length 129 mi
Length 208 km
Route
Italy

Ennis

Kaufman

Terrell

Quinlan

Greenville

Wolfe City

Ladonia

Honey Grove

State Route 34, commonly known as State Highway 34 or SH 34 is a state route in the US state of Texas. The road forms a north-south route in the North Texas region, from Italy through Greenville to Honey Grove. The road passes just south and east of the Dallas metropolitan area and intersects many of that city’s arterial roads. SH 34 is 208 kilometers long.

Travel directions

The SH 34 at Ennis.

SH 34 begins in Italy on US 77, near Interstate 35E, 70 miles south of Dallas. SH 34 is a single-lane road, heading northeast. Just before Ennis, a long bridge crosses Bardwell Lake. The road then leads through the town of Ennis, where it crosses Interstate 45. The road then heads northeast through prairie land and intersects with US 175 at Kaufman. A little further north, at Terrell, one crosses Interstate 20 and US 80. This is a somewhat exurban area located 45 kilometers east of Dallas.

SH 34 then heads north, close to the Lake Tawakoni reservoir. This is also a somewhat exurban area with many scattered homes that do not have an agricultural function. Interstate 30 is crossed at the town of Greenville. The road leads through downtown Greenville and has 2×2 lanes. North of Greenville, the road is single-lane and leads through Wolfe City to Honey Grove, where SH 34 ends at US 82, 30 kilometers west of Paris.

History

SH 34 was proposed in 1919 as a Dallas regional bypass, running from Fort Worth through Waxahachie to Terrell. In 1922, the planned route was extended to Cooper, but this became SH 39 in 1926. In 1928, the western starting point was changed from Fort Worth to Jacksboro. In 1933, the eastern end was changed from Greenville to Honey Grove, creating part of the current route. In 1939, the section from Jacksboro to Ennis was dropped as part of SH 34, becoming mainly US 287. In 1945 the route was diverted from Ennis to Kaufman, and then on to Honey Grove. In 1987 the route was extended from Ennis westward to Italy.

SH 34 has a regional importance, but with the further growth of the exurban area, the traffic pressure gradually increases. West of Ennis, a one-mile bridge over Lake Bardwell has been constructed, when this was completed is unknown, but at least before 1995. In 2014 a new 2×2 bypass of the center of Terrel opened, including a fairly long viaduct over the railway.

Between 2014 and 2016, a bypass was constructed along the south and east sides of Kaufman. Work started on October 17, 2014 and the bypass was completed two years later, the last section opened to traffic on October 19, 2016.

In 2018, an exploration began to build SH 34 between Terrell and Kaufman on a new route as a 2×2 divided highway.

Traffic intensities

Every day 1,300 vehicles drive between Italy and Ennis, 3,500 vehicles between Ennis and Kaufman, 7,700 vehicles between Kaufman and Terrell and 14,000 vehicles through Terrell. From Terrell to Greenville, there are 4,000 to 7,000 vehicles per day, peaking at 24,000 vehicles in Greenville, the busiest stretch of road. From Greenville to Wolfe City, 2,300 vehicles drive, then 1,000 vehicles to Ladonia and 800 vehicles to Honey Grove.

State Route 34 in Texas

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New York City https://www.programingplease.com/new-york-city.html Fri, 28 Oct 2022 03:57:13 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1364 In the northeast of the United States of America, in the state of New York, there is a megalopolis of the same name spread over several islands, which is sometimes also called the Big Apple. The Hudson River flows through the city, which flows into a small bay and then into the Atlantic Ocean. Most of New York is made up of the islands of Manhattan, Staten Island and Long Island. During the time of Dutch colonization, the land was constantly modified, clay and stones from buildings were loaded here and the coast was dried. The most intensive work took place in lower Manhattan.

According to act-test-centers, New York covers an area of 1,214.4 km2, of which 789.5 km2 is land and 428.8 km2 is water. The city was founded by the Dutch in 1625, and since 1790, New York has been the largest, most populous and busiest city in the United States of America – over 8 million people live here. The population density is 10,316 inhabitants per km², which is the highest in the entire USA. In this cosmopolitan city, you will meet people of all nationalities, skin colors and all kinds of opinions and behaviors. It is the world center of trade, finance and, thanks to the seat of the United Nations, also the center of diplomacy and international relations. Additionally, New York has global influence in media, politics, education, entertainment, art, fashion and advertising.

New York consists of five boroughs: Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, Bronx and Staten Island:

Brooklyn is the most populous borough, until 1898 it was even a separate city. Located southeast of Manhattan, it is characterized by great cultural, social and ethnic diversity, an independent art scene, many unique neighborhoods with interesting architecture. The symbol of Brooklyn is naturally the architecturally unique Brooklyn Bridge, which connects the borough with lower Manhattan. One of the first recreational areas in the USA – Coney Island – grew up in Brooklyn in the 1870s.

Manhattan is the true heart of New York and is characterized by multi-story skyscrapers as well as Central Park and Harlem, where you can get a glimpse of African-American culture. It is the most densely populated part of the city, the financial center of the city and the whole world. Many important companies, universities, galleries, museums and also theaters are located here. Manhattan is unofficially divided into lower, middle and upper sections. Upper Manhattan is further divided by Central Park into the Upper East Side and the Upper West Side. The island, only about 3.5 kilometers wide and about 22 kilometers long, is a symbol of the city.

The largest borough is Queens. In the past, only a few small towns and villages stood in these places, today the place is a sought-after location for the middle class. Queens is the most ethnically diverse corner of New York City and, thanks to its ever-growing population, is likely to soon become the city’s most populous borough. Although Queens is not as popular with tourists as Manhattan, you will also find a number of places that are worth seeing. For example, the home stadium of the New York Mets – Shea Stadium – is located here and the famous US Open is held here every year. Queens is home to two of New York’s largest airports – La Guardia and JFK.

The Bronx is the northernmost borough, which still makes people feel not very safe because of the past. It used to be a wild neighborhood full of gangs that settled scores with each other even in broad daylight. Today, the situation has changed and the Bronx is much safer, but tourists prefer to avoid it. The Bronx still has a lot to offer, especially its zoological and botanical gardens, the home stadium of the New York Yankees team – Yankee Stadium, or the largest cooperatively owned complex in the USA, Co-op City. The Bronx is the only part of New York that is located on the American mainland, it is the birthplace of rap and hip-hop.

The last part of the city is Staten Island, which, however, is a bit out of the interest of tourists. The only exception is the Staten Island Ferry, which transports people from lower Manhattan to Staten Island past the Statue of Liberty every few dozen minutes. The ferry ride is one of the most popular attractions in the city, as it offers a great view of not only the Statue of Liberty, but also neighboring Ellis Island and lower Manhattan. Many people don’t even get off the ferry and sail right back to the port. At the same time, Staten Island offers parks with an area of 25 km2 and 56 km of hiking trails. You will also find untouched forest stands, which have been included in the nature protection system since 1984.

Most visitors to this ever-living and vibrant American metropolis head to Manhattan first. It is here that you will find most of the landmarks without which a visit to New York would not be complete. Although New York is really huge, orientation in it is not that much of a problem. Just remember that the vertical series of streets are called “Avenues” and the horizontal “Streets”. They cross each other and create such a checkerboard. The only long diagonal street in Manhattan is Broadway, which leads you to Times Square full of billboards and theaters where the world’s most famous musicals are performed. The tallest building in New York is now the Empire State Building, which has 103 floors and is 443 meters high. It offers a beautiful view of the entire city. The oldest skyscraper in the city is the Flatiron Building located in the area called Midtown. In Midtown you will find other great attractions of the city – Rockefeller Center, the Cathedral of St. Patrick, Madison Square Garden, Chrysler Building and more.

The only green space in the city where people go to relax, play sports or just walk is Central Park with lakes, which is the work of Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Caux. With nearly 30 million visitors, it is the most visited park in the United States. It starts above Midtown and its rectangular shape stretches far north. The park is criss-crossed by a number of cycle paths and roller-skating paths. You can also see local artists here, presenting their work and offering art. It is flanked by the Upper East Side and Upper West Side.

The symbol of New York and perhaps the entire United States is the Statue of Liberty, which stands on Liberty Island. There is a viewpoint in the crown of the statue, but it has been closed for security reasons since the terrorist attacks in 2001. A unique experience can be a walk through Chinatown, Little Italy, Soho, Tribeca or Greenwich Village, etc., which are actually cities within a city.

New York City

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US 63 in Arkansas https://www.programingplease.com/us-63-in-arkansas.html Thu, 27 Oct 2022 15:46:38 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1368  

US 63
Get started Junction City
End Mammoth Spring
Length 391 mi
Length 629 km
Route
Louisiana

El Dorado

warren

Pine Bluff

Stuttgart

hares

Brinkley

Forest City

West Memphis

Turell

Jonesboro

Hoxie

Cherokee Village

Mammoth Spring

Missouri

According to watchtutorials, US 63 is a US Highway in the US state of Arkansas. The road forms a north-south route in the center and east of the state, but it follows an unusual route and is significantly longer than the most direct route. The road enters the state at Junction City and runs through Pine Bluff to West Memphis and then through Jonesboro to the Missouri border. The road is double numbered with I-40 and I-55 among other things. The route is 629 kilometers long.

Travel directions

The US 63 from Pine Bluff towards Stuttgart.

US 63/167 south of El Dorado.

At the village of Junction City, US 63 in Louisiana enters Arkansas from Ruston and is already double numbered with US 167. The road then runs in 2×2 lanes to the town of El Dorado, one of the more important towns in southern Arkansas. Here you cross the US 82, after which the US 63 along El Dorado is a short highway. On the north side of town, US 63 turns northeast and US 167 continues straight toward Little Rockin the north. US 63 then becomes a one-lane main road in each direction, passing through an area of ​​pastureland and some rivers to Warren, 50 miles away. In Warren you cross the US 278. US 63 then curves north and continues for 50 miles to the town of Pine Bluff. This portion of Arkansas consists of meadows with some shallow river valleys that are wooded. One reaches Pine Bluff from the south and crosses Interstate 530 first. Pine Bluff is a regional city on the Arkansas River, the second largest river in the state after the Mississippi. The road merges here with US 79 coming from Camden. Both roads will then be double numbered for about 50 kilometers.

One crosses the wide Arkansas River, after which 40 kilometers follows to Stuttgart, the next regional town. The landscape changes little along the way, meadows with wooded shallow river valleys. In Stuttgart, US 63 turns north, while US 79 heads straight for Memphis in the northeast. The US 165 is also crossed here. The road then runs straight for 30 kilometers to the north. In the village of Hazen, you cross US 70, which runs parallel to Interstate 40. A few miles north of Hazen, US 63 merges into I-40.

The US 63 is then double -numbered for 134 kilometers with I-40 to West Memphis. On the way you cross the US 49 at Brinkley. The road runs through a flat area with meadows and some rivers, tributaries of the Mississippi River. In West Memphis, US 63 leaves I-40 and merges with Interstate 55. The road then heads north and at Marion one crosses US 64. At the village of Turrell, the roads split, I-55 continues only toward St. Louis, US 61 follows a parallel route, and US 63 continues northwest on Interstate 555to Jonesboro. The highway has 2×2 lanes and passes through meadows and past a few villages. In the town of Jonesboro you cross the US 49 again. After Jonesboro the highway ends and the US 63 continues as a 2×2 divided highway to Hoxie, 30 kilometers further. In Hoxie you cross the US 67. The US 412 from Paragould also joins here and about 20 kilometers further follows the US 62 from Pocahontas, so that a triple numbering is created until Cherokee Village, 30 kilometers to the west. US 63 turns north here and crosses the Missouri border at Mammoth Spring, then US 63 into Missouri .continues to West Plains and Jefferson City.

History

According to Citypopulationreview, created in 1926, US 63 originally began in Turrell, in eastern Arkansas, and ran for a relatively short distance through northeastern Arkansas. In 1999, US 63 was extended to Ruston, Louisiana, double-numbering US 63 along with many other US Highways. Beginning in the 1980s, US 63 was upgraded to a freeway from Jonesboro to I-55 at Turrell. The highway between Jonesboro and Payneway was built in the early 1990s, the section further to Turrell was initially a 2×2 road with at-grade intersections. Between Payneway and Marked Tree, US 63 runs over a flood storage shed, the last section of US 63 between Jonesboro and I-55 that has been converted to a highway. Since 2015, the part between Turrell and Jonesboro has been called theInterstate 555 numbered.

In 1947, the bridge opened over the Black River in Black Rock, northwest of Walnut Ridge. The bridge is relatively high, with a long bridge on the east side. This bridge was replaced between 2013 and 2015. On June 19, 2015, the new bridge opened to traffic.

Traffic intensities

Every day, 4,700 vehicles drive on the four-lane section between the Louisiana border and the city of El Dorado. Between El Dorado and Pine Bluff, the road will initially handle about 1,200 vehicles, and 3,000 vehicles in the second half. Up to 20,000 vehicles and 3,300 to 4,300 vehicles run between Pine Bluff and Stuttgart on the Pine Bluff bypass. Only 1,000 vehicles drive between Stuttgart and Brinkley.

The Turrell to Jonesboro highway has some 10,000 vehicles, rising to 32,000 on the Jonesboro bypass. 5,000 to 8,000 vehicles continue to Mammoth Spring.

US 63 in Arkansas

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Interstate 88 in Illinois https://www.programingplease.com/interstate-88-in-illinois.html Wed, 26 Oct 2022 12:27:49 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1366  

I-88
Get started Moline, IL
End Chicago, IL
Length 140 mi
Length 226 km
Route
Moline

Sterling

Rochelle

DeKalb

Aurora

Naperville

Downers Grove

Oak Brook

According to Act-test-centers, Interstate 88 or I -88 is an Interstate Highway in the United States, located entirely in the state of Illinois. The highway is primarily an east-west route, connecting the Quad Cities with Chicago. The Quad Cities consists of four cities around Moline and Davenport, on the Mississippi River. The highway is largely a toll road and is known as the Ronald Reagan Memorial Tollway. I-88 is 150 miles long.

Travel directions

I-88 near DeKalb.

The highway begins at the interchange with Interstate 80, east of Moline. The highway runs parallel to the Rock River, heading northeast. The landscape is flat, and consists mainly of agricultural areas. The toll road begins at Rock Falls, with a toll plaza just east of town. At Dixon you cross US 52, a main road between Dubuque, Iowa and Joliet, Illinois. At Rochelle, one crosses Interstate 39, which runs from Rockford to Normal. This node is a simple cloverleaf. Driving on I-88 is relatively tedious, and the landscape returns to the signature grid pattern seen throughout the Midwest. You pass De Kalb, a regional town. At the height of Aurora one arrives in the first suburb of Chicago. Aurora has 176,000 inhabitants, while Chicago is still about 40 miles away. East of Aurora, the highway widens to 2×3 lanes. After this you pass Naperville, a second large suburb with 148,000 inhabitants. Many Chicago suburbs are relatively sparsely populated. Lisle crosses Interstate 355, also a toll road, and the westernmost north-south route in the Chicago metropolitan area. Both highways run side by side for a short distance with 4×3 lanes. Along the corridor of I-88, also called East-West Tollwayreferred to as industrial estates. The last toll plaza is in Oak Brook, and I-88 splits into 2 parts; one toward Interstate 294 toward the southern suburbs, and one toward I-294 toward the northern suburbs, and Interstate 290 toward Chicago.

History

The toll road opened to traffic on November 21, 1958. In the 1970s, the toll road was extended to Dixon.

The highway was not numbered as I-88 until late and was previously called State Route 5 and before that SR-190. The reason I-88 was not previously an Interstate Highway was because on rural Interstates, the speed limit had to be a minimum of 65 MPH (105 km/h), and the SR-5 had a maximum speed of 55 MPH or 88 km/h, which if can be seen extremely low for a rural highway. The number I-88 was assigned to the route in 1988. The highway is called Ronald Reagan Memorial Tollway, before that the road was called East-West Tollway.

I-88 has no auxiliary routes and none are planned in the future. The toll road section has no exit numbers.

Toll

The section between Chicago and Dixon is a toll road, operated by the Illinois State Toll Highway Authority. The toll is fully electronic with the I-Pass. The E-ZPass is also accepted. The toll costs have almost doubled in 2012 compared to 2011. Nevertheless, it is a cheap toll road compared to European toll roads.

Lane Configuration

From Unpleasant Lanes
Exit 1 (I-80) North Aurora 2×2
North Aurora I-290 2×3

Congestion

I-88 is busy in the Chicago area, but fairly adequately constructed. West of Aurora, I-88 is very quiet and congestion is a rarity.

Connections & traffic intensities

The cloverleaf with I-80 at Moline.

# destination AADT
1 Peoria, Des Moines 16,600
2 East Moline 16,600
6 Joslin 13,800
10 Hillsdale, Port Byron 12,800
18 Erie, Albany 12,700
26 Morrison, Prophetstown 12,100
36 Clinton, Rock Falls, Sterling 13,600
41 Rock Falls, Sterling 14,200
44 Joliet, Rock Falls 14,200
54 Dixon 14,700
76 Rochelle, Mendota 15,000
78 Rockford, Bloomington 18,800
91 DeKalb, Annie Glidden Road 20,000
94 DeKalb, Peace Road 24,700
109 Sugar Grove 30,500
113 Aurora 44,000
114 North Aurora, Orchard Road 63,600
117 North Aurora, Lincolnway Street 77,200
119 Aurora, Farnsworth Avenue 97.100
121 Aurora, Bilter Road 101,900
123 Naperville 127,800
125 Warrenville 138,500
127 Naperville, Freedom Drive 148,800
130 Lisle, Lincoln Avenue 162,500
131 Joliet, northwest suburbs 143,200
134 Downers Grove 146,500
136 Oak Brook, Midwest Road 148,600
137 Oak Brook, Kingery Highway 155.100
138 Oak Brook, 22nd Street 133.100
138 Gary 129,900
140 Chicago, Milwaukee

Sergeant John F. Baker, Jr. Bridge

Sergeant John F. Baker, Jr. Bridge
Spans Mississippi River
Lanes 2×2
Total length 1,278 meters
Main span 175 meters
Bridge deck height ? meter
Opening 25-10-1973
Traffic intensity 22,200 mvt/day
Location Map

According to liuxers, the Sergeant John F. Baker, Jr. Bridge is an arch bridge in the United States, located on the border of the states of Iowa and Illinois. The bridge spans the Mississippi River on the west side of the Quad Cities and is part of Interstate 280.

Characteristics

The Sergeant John F. Baker, Jr. Bridge is largely a girder bridge, with an arch span of 175 metres. The bridge is a total of 1,278 meters long and 25 meters wide. The bridge has 2×2 lanes and emergency lanes. Crossing the bridge is Interstate 280, the western and southern bypass of the Quad Cities, an urban area consisting of two cities in Iowa and two cities in Illinois. The Sergeant John F. Baker, Jr. Bridge is the westernmost bridge in this urban area and handles through traffic around the conurbation. The bridge is toll-free.

History

The bridge is the first on this location and was built in the early 1970s. The bridge opened to traffic on October 25, 1973, as part of Interstate 280. The bridge originally had no name and was simply called the I-280 Bridge or the Interstate 280 Bridge. In 2010, the bridge was renamed after Sergeant John F. Baker, Jr. Bridge. John F. Baker, Jr. (1945-2012) was a United States Army sergeant who served in Vietnam and was awarded the Medal of Honor. He was from Davenport, Iowa, one of the Quad Cities.

Traffic intensities

In 2012, 22,200 vehicles drove over the bridge every day, which means that it is lightly used.

Interstate 88 in Illinois

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Industry of Japan https://www.programingplease.com/industry-of-japan.html Fri, 26 Aug 2022 11:04:41 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1339 Japan has few minerals and the share of mining in the national income is negligible. Of the fuels, coal mining in Hokkaido and Kyushu is the most important, but despite state subsidies, due to poor geological conditions and high costs, it is not enough for international competition. It does not even cover 10% of domestic consumption. Oil and natural gas production from deposits in northern Honshu is negligible. Only the mining of building materials, zinc, lead and copper ores is more significant. Smaller amounts of gold, silver and tungsten are also mined. Most fuels and raw materials, including iron and copper ore, coking coal and bauxite, must therefore be imported.

The decisive part of electricity production is covered by power plants burning oil and oil derivatives, about 1/5 comes from coal and 10% from natural gas. Nuclear energy is developing rapidly, and Japanese power plants, which are among the largest in the world, already account for 20% of total production. More than 10% of electricity is produced by numerous hydroelectric plants.

Industry and construction already employ less than 1/3 of the workforce, but account for more than 40% of the gross domestic product. Industrial growth began at the end of the 19th century, and the gradual opening of new markets in Taiwan, Korea and Southeast Asia led to its rapid expansion. In the 1920s, the first family businesses (zaibacu) were established, which are still a characteristic feature of the Japanese economy today. The industrial centers were the target of heavy bombing towards the end of World War II, but Japan quickly rebuilt them after the war. During the Korean War (1950–53), Japan supplied weapons to the United States military.

According to Relationshipsplus, Japan gradually changed its industrial strategy. It went from cheap mass-produced goods to high-quality production based on progressive technologies, gaining a significant share of world markets. The decisive factor is the production of consumer electronics, especially computers, copying, telecommunications and audiovisual equipment, including cameras. The country ranks first in the world in the production of passenger cars and ships. For the development of engineering fields, Japan has built a massive metallurgical base, even though all raw materials must be imported mainly from Australia. It is currently the largest steel producer in the world. The production of chemicals, synthetic fibers and resins, foodstuffs, cement and paper is very extensive. Japan is characterized by a very low unemployment rate, which, in addition to the aforementioned tradition of family businesses, is also due to the fact that

The main industrial belt stretches along the southern coast of Honshu from the Kantō Plain in the east to the north of Kyushu Island in the west. The industry is most concentrated in the agglomerations of Tokyo, Nagoya and Osaka.

Transport and connections

Until the 1920s, Japanese roads served almost exclusively for pedestrians. Today, the construction of toll roads and highways continues at an extraordinary pace, especially in densely populated areas, where road traffic is constantly on the rise. Motorways connect all major city centers.

The first Japanese railways were built in the second half of the 19th century. But the glory of Japanese railway transport was brought only by the first super express line, which was opened in 1964 and connected Tokyo with Osaka. In the same year, the first monorail was put into operation in Tokyo, soon followed by many others. There are plans to expand the super express train system across the country. By the end of the 1980s, all four main islands were connected to each other by roads and railways. The world’s first undersea railway tunnel was built between Kyushu and western Honshu in 1941, a double-deck road tunnel in 1958, and a suspension bridge in 1973. Between 1979 and 1988, the construction of the most technically demanding and longest (53 km) railway tunnel in the world connecting Hokkaido with Honshu was carried out.

Maritime transport is of particular importance to Japan. After Rotterdam and Singapore, the Japanese ports of Kobe (also serving Osaka and Kyoto), Ciba near Tokyo, Nagoya and Yokohama are the largest in the world. Tokyo, with its two large airports, Haneda and Narita, is one of the largest aviation hubs in the world. The airports in Osaka and Fukuoka on Kyushu are also world-famous. In total, there are 70 airports with regular services in the country.

Japan’s postal and telecommunications system ranks among the most advanced in the world. Radio and television broadcasting is also at a high level. The Broadcasting Corporation of Japan (NHK) is a public corporation funded by concession fees that broadcasts in twenty of the world’s languages. Alongside it, a number of private corporations and satellite and cable companies operate. There is no state censorship of the press, but until the 1970s the press refrained from criticizing government policies. Since then, the Japanese press has been far more open to publishing bribery affairs.

Industry of Japan

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Getting to Lake Garda, Italy https://www.programingplease.com/getting-to-lake-garda-italy.html Thu, 18 Aug 2022 17:49:57 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1327 Due to its location in northern Italy, Lake Garda is one of the closest Italian holiday destinations for Germany. This is the best way to reach its shores:

Arriving by car

Lake Garda is a classic destination for those arriving by car or motorbike. It goes without saying that you need longer to get there from Hamburg than from Munich .

Note : When planning your trip, remember that you need a vignette in Austria and Switzerland. It has to be stuck on your car before you drive across the border, otherwise it will be expensive. You can buy the vignette everywhere at the motorway service stations in Germany towards the border.

My tip : Buy them at the first rest stop that advertises them on the motorway. At the rest stops right at the borders, everyone buys their vignette at the last minute, so you may end up in a queue.

You can also buy the vignette online in advance from the ADAC. It will then be sent to you by post.

According to Recipesinthebox, the motorways in Italy are also subject to tolls. There you pay at the toll booths for the route you have just driven, you don’t have to worry about a vignette beforehand.

Check the oil level and tire pressure in your car before you drive off. After all, you have to cross the Alps.

Arrival by train

From Munich there is a direct train connection to Lake Garda several times a day. So if you live in Munich or you can get there easily, the train is a great thing.

If you are traveling to the north of Lake Garda, Rovereto is your destination station. For the southern half of the lake, Verona is the better train station.

Buses to Riva del Garda, Arco, Torbole, Malcesine and Limone stop right in front of Rovereto train station. The tickets are really cheap, they cost between 2 and 5 euros.

From Verona Porta Nuova train station you can take regular buses to the places in the south of Lake Garda. You can even book your bus ticket to Garda, Peschiera, Sirmione and Desenzano. Simply enter the place on Lake Garda where you would like to go as the travel destination.

Unfortunately, this does not apply to all places. If you can’t find your holiday destination by train, book your ticket only to Verona Porta Nuova and get on the bus there. You can get everywhere with the regular buses.

Of course, a taxi is more convenient. The route from Verona to Lazise, ​​for example, only costs 30 to 40 euros.

Arriving by plane

The closest airport to Lake Garda is Verona Villafranca. There are direct flights from Frankfurt, Cologne-Bonn and Munich, from all other German cities you can get to Verona with one change.

If you use public transport, you must first go to Verona Porta Nuova train station. From there you have many options to get to various places on Lake Garda by bus.

Milan Bergamo Airport is about 100 kilometers south of Lake Garda. A Flixbus runs from the airport to Peschiera del Garda. Unfortunately, there are no other direct connections from the airport to the lake by public transport.

A taxi from Bergamo to Lake Garda, for example to Sirmione, costs around 120 euros.

A Flixbus also runs from Venice Marco Polo Airport, 160 kilometers away , to Peschiera del Garda. A taxi from Venice to Lake Garda costs around 200 euros.

The best thing to do is to start a flight search with Skyscanner and see where you can get to. If at all possible, try to fly to Verona. It’s much easier to get to the lake from there than from Bergamo or Venice.

To pay money

You can easily pay by card in the larger restaurants, hotels and supermarkets. This is not always possible in some smaller shops or in pizza stands. You shouldn’t go cashless on Lake Garda.

ATMs are a dime a dozen. You can withdraw money with an EC card as well as with major credit cards. Depending on the bank, fees of up to 10 euros may apply. It is best to find out more from your bank before you travel.

Tip

In many Italian restaurants, the word “Coperto” appears on the bill. This is a service surcharge charged per guest, whether you’re drinking an espresso or eating a three-course meal. How high this fee is is usually written in small letters on the menu card on the first or last page.

However, a coperto should not be confused with a tip!

The surcharge goes into the restaurant register, not your waiter. A tip of 5 to 10 percent is customary for the waiter.

At Lake Garda, the employees are quite used to the “make twenty” customary in Germany. But you can also take your change first and then leave what you want to give as a tip on the table when you leave.

Traveling expenses

For an overview of the costs you have to reckon with at Lake Garda, here are the common prices for you:

Hotel room: from 80 euros per night
Better hotel: from 120 euros per night
Pizza in the restaurant: 8 to 18 euros
Main course in the restaurant: 10 to 20 euros
Piece of pizza at the booth: 3 euros
Espresso at the counter: 1 euro
cappuccino at the table: 4 euros
0.4 liters of beer in a bar: 4 to 5 euros
Bottle of water in a kiosk: 1 euro
Castles or museums: 3 to 10 euros
Amusement parks: 18 to 40 euros

Getting to Lake Garda, Italy

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Airport LaGuardia, New York https://www.programingplease.com/airport-laguardia-new-york.html Fri, 12 Aug 2022 15:19:10 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1321 It is the smallest of the three airports at which travelers land in New York. “Small” is relative when the word is used in connection with the Big Apple. Compared to John F. Kennedy Airport and Newark , LaGuardia is actually the baby among New York airports in terms of both the area and the number of flights and passengers handled (almost 27 million in 2015).

However, this does not detract from the popularity of the city’s residents. With them, LaGuardia is extremely popular; not least because this airport is so easy to get to. Mainly domestic flights take off and land from here, but some international destinations are also offered.

If you want to fly on from New York to Canada or the Caribbean, for example, there is a good chance that it will start from LGA. This is LaGuardia’s international airport code. The airport, which is less than 15 kilometers from mid-Manhattan, is in the New York borough of Queens. It is named after Fiorello LaGuardia, who was Mayor of New York between 1934 and 1945 and who organized the city’s ailing finances during his tenure. La Guardia is currently undergoing an extensive renovation and modernization program. The conversions and expansions should be completed by 2021 and will cost over four billion dollars.

  • Ask4beauty: Brief history and politics of state Washington, covering latest population and geographical information of Washington.

An airport with an extremely melodious past

LaGuardia certainly has a bright future, but the past can also be seen and, above all, heard. The area on which runways, terminals and hangars are located today belonged to the famous German-born piano manufacturer William Steinway in the second half of the 19th century. He bought the land from farmers in what is now Queens in order to be able to move his production facilities out of Manhattan and also to create living space for his workers. In the heart of New York it was too restless for the aesthetic and there were far too many strikes for his taste. But piano makers shouldn’t neglect their leisure time in Queens either. Together with the German brewer Georg Ehret, Steinway therefore created an amusement park, which incidentally was a complete success from the start. Only 50 years later During the Great Depression of 1929 the site was sold and it was planned to be used as an airport. In addition to other production facilities such as Hamburg, Steinway’s pianos and grand pianos are still manufactured in Queens to this day, very close to one of the LaGuardia runways.

The proximity to Manhattan makes it

One of the big pounds that LaGuardia can take on New Yorkers is the airport’s excellent location. Generously calculated, it is 15 kilometers east of Manhattan; depending on the location, this can be a few kilometers less. That not only makes it easy to get here by car. Alternatively, La Guardia can also be easily reached by taxis or local public transport.

Travelers who have several or large pieces of luggage with them are best advised to take a taxi. As in many airports around the world, there are black sheep in the arrival halls of LaGuardia, who lure with supposedly good tariffs. They shouldn’t be taken for granted. The normal price for a safe yellow taxi is between 17 and 30 US dollars, depending on the destination and any bridge toll. Licensed vehicles wait for passengers directly in front of the arrival halls. There is also a “Port Authority Welcome Center” in each arrival hall, where uniformed airport staff can provide information about transport options. Tour groups can also rent large-capacity taxis (“vans”) with up to six seats there. The target price per vehicle is currently (May 2016) around 125 US dollars; independently of,
Those who only travel with light luggage can get to Manhattan by bus for only around four dollars.

Airport LaGuardia at a glance

  • New York’s smallest airport is ideal for domestic flights as well as travel to and from Canada and the Caribbean
  • only 15 kilometers from mid-Manhattan
  • cheap bus and taxi tariffs, also for groups

Airport LaGuardia, New York

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Florida – the Sunshine State on the East Coast https://www.programingplease.com/florida-the-sunshine-state-on-the-east-coast.html Fri, 05 Aug 2022 12:47:53 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1319 It’s an eternal cliché. Florida is the retirement paradise where numerous retirees spend their retirement. Sounds boring? But it is not. Because the state in the southeast of the USA not only offers sunny, warm vacation days, but also attractions for all age groups and interests.

The peninsula of the same name owes its name to its Spanish explorers who arrived there at Easter. Because Pascua Florida means Easter in Spanish.

Florida in numbers, data and facts

  • Area: 170,304 km2
  • Population: 20,984,400 (2017 estimated)
  • Member of the United States since: March 3, 1845
  • Time zone: UTC-5 EST (west of the Apalachicola River: UTC-6)
  • Highest Point: Britton Hill (105 meters)
  • Lowest point: Atlantic (0 meters)
  • Average height: 30 meters
  • Capital: Tallahassee
  • Emblematic animal: Florida panther (puma)
  • Flag: Red St. Andrew’s Cross on a white background with the Florida seal in the center
  • State motto: In God We Trust

Geographical location and extent of the sunshine state

Florida consists of the Florida Peninsula and the Florida Panhandle as a portion of the mainland. The Florida Keys, a chain of islands connected by 42 bridges, connect to the southern end. The southernmost end of the Key West island chain is only 140 kilometers from Cuba and represents the southernmost point of the continental USA.

The Sunshine State is thus the southernmost state in the USA after Hawaii and is not too far away from the Caribbean with popular holiday destinations such as the Bahamas, Cuba and Haiti, so there are also some AIDA Caribbean cruises not only head for Havana, but also Florida.

  • Allcitycodes: Lists of all area codes of North Carolina. Also includes state overview and counties by area code in North Carolina.

The southern state is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the west coast and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. Neighboring states are Georgia in the north and Alabama in the northwest. All in all, Florida is 260 kilometers wide and 800 kilometers long, making it 22nd among all states in terms of area. Almost 18 percent of the federal territory make up water bodies.

Weather and climate in Florida

The paradise for retirees can be divided into two climate zones. In the northeast there is a subtropical climate, in the center and south of the state tropical climate. As a result, Florida is often very humid, especially in summer. In addition, the sunshine state is often hit by sometimes violent hurricanes between June and November. Hurricane Katrina caused the greatest material damage to date in August 2005. The hurricane moved with wind speeds of 250 to 300 km / h over Florida, among other places. Many retirees therefore only spend the winter in Florida when the temperatures according to the climate table are around 25 ° C. Winter is considered the best season for many travelers. Snow is very rare in Florida. However, there are always floods.

Jacksonville

In Jacksonville there, according to season for an average temperature of 26.3 ° C, where it is in July and August around 33 ° C during the day and a night temperature of 23 ° C at the warmest. The coldest month is January with daytime temperatures of 18 ° C and night temperatures of 6 ° C. Visitors enjoy most hours of sunshine in May, and most rainy days can be expected in September. The water is warmest in August at around 30 ° C.

Key West

The climate table for Key West shows an average temperature of 28.2 ° C during the day and an average night temperature of 22.1 ° C. The highest temperatures are measured at 32 ° C in July and August. The most hours of sunshine per day are from April to June. The lowest temperatures are expected in January at 24 ° C and 18 ° C, while most precipitation falls in September. In Key West, too, the water is warmest with 30 ° C in August.

Miami

In Miami, the average annual temperature is 28.6 ° C. The night temperature is 20.2 ° C. According to the climate table, maximum temperatures are reached in August. In July and August the night temperature does not drop below 25 ° C. The lowest temperatures are to be expected in January at 24 ° C during the day and 15 ° C at night. You can look forward to ten hours of sunshine in Miami from April to June, with most rainy days in August. The water temperature this month is around 31 ° C.

Orlando

Orlando, the amusement paradise, has an annual average temperature of 28.1 ° C and an average nighttime temperature of 16.6 ° C. The lowest temperatures are measured at 23 ° C during the day and 11 ° C at night in December. The highest temperatures are reached in July and August (33 ° C). Most hours of sunshine can be expected in April and May (10), according to the climate table with 13, most rainy days are in June.

Limestone shapes the geological structure of the sunshine state

The Florida continental shelf is a bulge of over 700 kilometers on the North American continent. The Florida peninsula is the part of this bulge that can be seen above sea level.

The deep subsoil of this structure consists of Precambrian volcanic rocks, sedimentary rocks from the Devonian and later volcanic rocks from the Triassic and Jurassic. The defining structure is the limestone. This is predominantly very porous and contains the central groundwater reservoir in Florida, which is of great importance for the drinking water supply. However, when the sea level rises, salt water penetrates these reservoirs and makes them worthless for drinking water production. Due to the rising sea level, drainage ditches are also losing their gradient towards the sea, so that flood areas can often no longer be drained.

Florida population

The state on the east coast is the third most populous state in the United States after California and Texas. In 2013, 78.1% of residents were white, 16.7% African-American, 2.7% Asian-American, 0.5% American Indian, and 0.1% Shark Waiian and / or Pacific Islander. 23.6% of the population said they were Hispanics or Latinos. In addition to Snow Belt retirees, the Hispanics also make up most of the immigrants.

Florida was a state that was heavily influenced by the Democrats until the 1950s and in which the Republicans had a difficult time against the Democratic majority. Due to the influx of many people from the northeast who vote Republican, among other things, the Republicans are now on the rise in Florida. Florida is now considered an important swing state between Republicans and Democrats in presidential elections. The southern tip of Florida is a particularly contested area in elections.

The majority of the Floridians are Protestant. Among other things, there are many Methodist churches in Florida. However, the proportion of Catholics in the Sunshine State is increasing, primarily due to the immigration of Cubans from the Dominican Republic and other Latin American countries. The Jews also make up a relatively large proportion of the religious population at 4 percent.

There are few large cities in central Florida. Most of the people live on the coast.

The 10 largest cities in Florida

  1. Jacksonville (821,784)
  2. Miami (399,457)
  3. Tampa (335,709)
  4. Saint Petersburg (244,769)
  5. Orlando (238,300)
  6. Hialeah (224,669)
  7. Tallahassee (181,376)
  8. Fort Lauderdale (165,521)
  9. Port St. Lucie (164,603)
  10. Pembroke Pines (154,750)

Figures according to the 2010 Census.

Florida - the Sunshine State

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Rafting in Kenya https://www.programingplease.com/rafting-in-kenya.html Thu, 28 Jul 2022 17:05:35 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1317 Benefits of rafting in Kenya: It is a combination of rafting routes, scenic scenery, and safaris. Moreover, the adrenaline rush is 100 percent guaranteed (its amount depends on the route’s difficulty class and the number of crocodiles and hippos you saw during a boat trip). The picture of the shore, the mind-boggling number of birds and wildlife watching make rafting in Kenya a unique adventure. The duration of rafting depends only on your wishes, you can arrange adventures for half a day, I can extend the pleasure for 3-4 days. You can also choose the difficulty level of rafting from the easiest to the most risky…

Coast of the Indian Ocean

According to Prozipcodes, the Kenyan coast stretches for 480 kilometers from north to south. The local shores have been welcoming guests to Kenya since ancient times. Merchants from Arabia, Rugalia, China and India swam to these lands, bringing pieces of their culture. The intermingling of African and Arabic cultures along the coast gave rise to a unique new culture known as Swahili.

The beaches of Kenya are protected by a coral reef, making coastal waters ideal for relaxation and water sports. The Indian Ocean is warm all year round. Who does not know about Kenyan deep sea fishing, which attracts many professionals in this field, including Ernest Hemingway, maybe here he got the plot for one of his books?

Lucky anglers can boast of a catch, among which there are marlin, mackerel, and other large trophies. which you can try right away.

The Kenyan coast offers more than just a beach holiday, take a few steps and you will find endless possibilities for discovery and adventure.

Exploring coastal towns and getting to know the local Swahili culture will expand your understanding of the world, and maybe even yourself…

There are many possibilities to do this. For example, horseback riding along the coast, during which you can visit traditional fishing villages. For those who like to move fast – motorcycle rental. You can also explore from the sea by going on a historical excursion on traditional fishing boats – Dhow, sailing and landing on the old islands, where you can walk through real living villages and get acquainted with the monuments of the past. With a strong desire to join the Swahili culture, you can spend the night in a natural Swahili village. Not large shops and markets, where local handicrafts, household items and art are also presented, are also a curious sight.

Kikoi is a cape made of colored fabric with a traditional ornament, for universal use. The inhabitants of the coast use it as an item of everyday clothing.

Once you get a little familiar with the life of the coast, you will find that the rich history of these places is still alive today, and you will find its tangible presence everywhere you go.

Old Town – the old city of Mombasa, Port Jesus – the old port are places that have preserved evidence of past events. Hidden deep in the rainforest is the lost city of Gedi. To feel like a real pioneer, you can follow the footsteps of Vasco da Gama in Malindi.

And visiting Lamu Island, you can watch frozen time, since nothing has changed on this island since the 14th century, the sheriff has the only car, and even then you can’t drive it everywhere, the reason for this is very narrow streets.

Not far from the coast there are national parks where you can observe the life of wildlife. Coastal forests such as Arabuko Sokoke and Jadini provide the opportunity to take interesting walks, during which you can observe a whole world of various birds (some specimens can only be observed here) and butterflies, as well as rare monkeys and even elephants.

In addition to the forests, you can take a classic safari in the national parks Tsavo, Shimba Hills, Mwalunganje, located a few hours drive from the coast. And you should definitely see the Tana River Delta. Here, where the river flows into the ocean, and represents an absolutely fantastic world of wildlife bordering the beach.
In addition to land and water adventures and discoveries, Kenya provides the underwater world of the Indian Ocean for exploration.
The coral reef attracts thousands of diving enthusiasts here.

But you can see the underwater world without diving, for this they came up with boats with a transparent bottom. This is a must try to experience the extraordinary sensations of floating on the surface of the water. It is interesting to visit the Marine National Parks of Kenya such as Watamu/Malindi and Kisiite Mpunguti. Where you can get up close and personal with giant whale sharks, barracudas, and huge conger eels, sea turtles, rays, not to mention numerous flocks of small fish. Professional dive operators (PADI, NAUI, BSAC) are ready to provide dives of any class (Wreck, Night, Deep, Nitrox, etc.).

Rafting in Kenya

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Dallas – the Third Largest City in Texas https://www.programingplease.com/dallas-the-third-largest-city-in-texas.html Fri, 22 Jul 2022 10:05:50 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1315 According to Mcat-test-centers, Dallas is the third largest city in the state of Texas after Houston and San Antonio and the most important travel destination in the state. Together with Fort Worth, Dallas has an extension of 100 km and about 4.5 million residents.

The development of the city of Dallas began in the 19th century with the cultivation of cotton and the discovery of petroleum. Around the city, fertile black earth soils provide the basis for growing maize, wheat and cotton. Today Dallas is the financial capital of the state. Dallas was founded in 1841 by John Neely Bryan, a lawyer and entrepreneur from Tennessee.

Dallas has become known worldwide through two events in particular:

  • the assassination attempt on the American President John F. Kennedy, which has not yet been clarified (see Sixth Floor Museum),
  • through the television series of the same name “Dallas”, one of the first and most successful soaps around the villain “JR”, played by Larry Hagman, and the South Fork Ranch.

Landmarks

Reunion Tower (website): With 50 floors and a panoramic view over the city.

Dealey Plaza: Named after former publisher George Bannerman Dealey, the location where the assassination attempt on President John F. Kennedy took place. Allegedly, the President was shot dead by Lee Harvey Oswald from the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository on nearby Elm Street.

Sixth Floor Museum (website): Museum and exhibition in honor of JF Kennedy, about his life and work as well as the assassination on him on the 6th floor of the former school book administration, the place from which Kennedy was shot.

Dallas Museum of Art (website): Collection of native American art, pre-Columbian and early African art, as well as works by Henry Matisse, Claude Monet, John Singer Sargent, and many more

Pioneer Plaza: Group of 70 bronze longhorns and cowboys, the largest sculptural sculpture in the world. This was the beginning of the historic trail that was used to drive cattle in 1854.

Historical Plaza: Old Red Courthouse, built in 1890 in the Romanesque Revival style.

John Neely Bryan Cabin: A reconstruction of the cabin built by the Dallas founder in 1841. In the following years it served first as a school, then as a church. The current reconstruction was completed in 1936.

JF Kennedy Memorial: Memorial to the 35th President. Intended as a place for meditation with soundproof walls and open to the sky for spiritual communication.

Old City Park (OCP): Buildings dating from 1840-1910 including a farm, Victorian houses, railroad depot, general store, doctor’s office, and restaurant.

Fair Park (website): The State Fair of Texas, the largest folk festival in the USA, takes place here every October. The park is also the site of numerous events. Open year round except the week before the State Fair. The park is home to eight museums and a Vietnam monument. Attractions include the Age of Steam Railroad Museum, Dallas Aquarium, Hall of State, Dallas Museum of Natural History, Science Place and Planetarium, TI Founders IMAX Theater, African American Museum, Smirnoff Music Center, Texas Discovery, the Women’s Museum and the Music Hall. In the music hall, also home to the Dallas Opera, musicals are performed from June to August, as well as matinees on the weekends.

African American Museum: (website): One of the largest African-American collections in the United States.

The Woman’s Museum (website): The latest technology is used to remember women who have had a lasting impact on American history.

Museum of Nature & Science (website): Nature and the origin of life, with over 280,000 exhibits the largest collection of Texan animal life.

Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden (website): Botanical garden with an emphasis on trees on the shores of White Rock Lake. In addition to an ornamental garden, there is also a fog garden and a wildflower path.

Southfork Ranch (website): Home of the famous oil dynasty from the television series Dallas. While Bobby, JR and Miss Ellie never lived here [the series was shot in the studios], the ranch is a reality and attracts millions of visitors each year for a guided tour of the mansion and gardens. Deli (barbeque and Tex-Mex) & souvenir shop. You can also take a train that starts at the Visitor Center to travel around the entire site.

Nasher Sculpture Center (website): The Nasher Collection is recognized worldwide as one of the leading collections of sculpture of the 20th century. It contains works by Calder, de Kooning, Matisse, Miro, Picasso, Rodin, Serra and many other artists. The latest addition is a dramatic painted fiberglass sculpture by Jonathan Borofsky that is 30 meters (100 feet) tall.

Crow Collection of Asian Art (website): The collection includes more than 600 paintings, art objects made of metal and stone, and major architectural works from China, Japan, India and Southeast Asia.

Shopping and entertainment

Greenville Avenue: In the northeast of the city, many pubs and cafes.

McKinney Avenue: The historic McKinney Avenue Trolley takes visitors to McKinney Avenue. Historic buildings with galleries and shops.

Swiss Avenue: Stately residences in the prairie style, through Art Deco to Tudor and Spanish Renaissance styles.

Highland Park Village (website): Spanish-style shopping center

Deep Ellum (website): Very close to downtown Dallas, the center of extravagant Dallas life.

West End Historic District (website): Surrounded by Marquet St, Pacific Ave, Woodall Rogers & McKinney Ave. Restaurants, shops and nightlife districts. This turn of the century warehouse district west of downtown is now home to more than 80 shops, 40 restaurants and dozen of nightclubs.

Shopping malls

Shopping malls belong to this city like oil to Houston. There are countless opportunities for shopping. Advertising slogan: What you can’t buy in Dallas can’t be found anywhere else.

North Park Center (website): Mixture of shops, architectural highlights, restaurants and works of art or galleries.

Valley View Center (website) & The Galleria (website): One of the world’s largest shopping centers with over 200 shops and restaurants, an ice rink, 5 cinemas and luxury hotels.

Dallas Farmers Market (website): Dallas Farmers Market is open year round. More than 150 traders sell their fresh fruits and vegetables every day.

The Shops at Willow Bend (website): With 150 stores, the Shops at Willow Bend are another shopping attraction in Dallas, opened in 2003.

Weather and climate

The main season for visitors is summer. The most pleasant travel times are spring and autumn, as it can get very hot in midsummer. In the summer months, the thermometer can climb over 40 degrees. July and August are the months with the least amount of precipitation, but it is not high.

  • January (2.3 – 13.3 degrees)
  • February (3.5 – 15.5 degrees)
  • March (7.2 – 19.4 degrees)
  • April (12.7 – 23.8 degrees)
  • May (17.2 – 28.3 degrees)
  • June (22.2 – 32.7 degrees)
  • July (23.8 – 35 degrees)
  • August (23.8 – 35 degrees)
  • September (19.4 – 31 degrees)
  • October (13.9 – 26.1 degrees)
  • November (6.6 – 18.8 degrees)
  • December (3.4 – 14.4 degrees)

Dallas - the Third Largest City in Texas

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What to See in Kiel and Cologne (Germany) https://www.programingplease.com/what-to-see-in-kiel-and-cologne-germany.html Fri, 15 Jul 2022 04:33:24 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1312 Kiel (Germany)

Kiel was founded in 1242 by Count Adolf IV. Standing on the shores of the Baltic Sea and protected from storms, it has become quite a significant trading port. In 1284, Kiel joined the union of German cities, later called the Hansa. Here was the Prussian, and later – the all-German fleet. The transformation of the city into a German naval base changed its once quiet life into a large and lively city. Kiel hosts the Keeler Vohe maritime festival every summer, the largest regatta in the world and its accompanying cultural events. About 1,500 yachts and 4,000 yachtsmen take part in the competition every year. Guests from all over the world turn Kiel Week into an international arena.

Perhaps the most impressive thing in Kiel is the coast – everywhere yacht parking, locks, shipyards, fishing trawlers, and behind them – the open sea, where you can ride a steamboat, yacht or motor boat. On the coast of the Kiel Bay there is an operating shipyard – Hovaldtswerke.

A significant part of the city was bombed during the Second World War, but was rebuilt by residents. The cultural center of Kiel is located in the complex of the restored Kiel Palace in the old part of the city. There is a concert hall, exhibition halls, a collection of exhibits on the history of the land, an art gallery and the library of Schleswig-Holstein. A few steps away you can find the city museum Warleberger Hof and the Kunsthalle art gallery. On the Oslokay embankment there is a maritime museum and a museum port, where you can see the Busard ship, which used to set buoys and the Hindenbug rescue ship.

The surroundings of Kiel are interesting for visiting. In the town of Laboe, 20 km from the city center, there is a well-known in Germany a memorial in honor of the sailors who died in the First and Second World War, 72 meters high. There is an observation deck on the memorial, and in front of the memorial there is a real submarine. In the town of Molfsee, 6 km south of Kiel, there is a wonderful open-air museum, which contains wooden buildings from all over the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein. Here you can get an idea of how people used to live in the country between the North and Baltic Seas.

Cologne (Germany)

According to Proexchangerates, Cologne is the oldest of the German cities. It was founded by Roman legionaries over 2,000 years ago and elevated to the rank of a city by Agrippina, the wife of the Roman emperor Claudius. The heyday of Cologne falls on the 12th – 15th centuries, when it became one of the richest cities with the largest population. In the Middle Ages, the city began to play an important role as a center for fairs. In 785-1273 it was the center of an archbishopric. After the discovery of the New World, the emergence of new trade routes and the formation of nation-states in Europe, Cologne began to lose its economic influence. Its political role also declined: in 1794 Cologne was captured by the French revolutionaries, in 1815 became part of the Prussian kingdom. But after the industrial revolution, a new era of growth began, which continues to this day. The current population of Cologne is about 1 million people. Today Cologne is a center of art, a fair center of world importance, a major transport hub and an economic center of Western Europe. Here, modern buildings are successfully combined with architectural monuments, creating a unique flavor.

The most prominent landmark of the city is the Cologne Cathedral. It is the most visited in Germany. The construction of the cathedral began in 1248, when the Archbishop of Cologne Konrad von Hochstaden laid the first stone in its foundation, and ended only in 1880 under the Prussian king Friedrich Wilhelm IV. Cologne Cathedral is the highest in Germany, its towers are 157 m high. A large number of works of art are stored here – rows of benches in the choir, frescoes, St. Engelbert’s shrine, episcopal batons, statues of saints, as well as the Three Kings’ shrine. Cancer of the Three Kings is one of the most precious shrines of Christianity. It is a sarcophagus made of silver, gold and precious stones, in which the remains of the Holy Magi are kept.

In Cologne preserved monuments of the era of Roman rule – the Governor’s Palace, numerous towers and gates. In the center of the city there are 12 Romanesque churches of the 5th – 13th centuries. Of the museums, you should visit the Roman-Germanic Museum dedicated to the history of the city, the Museum of Romanesque Ceramics, the Museum of Chocolate.

The city is nice even just to walk. The shopping streets of Hohe Strasse, Schildergasse and Ehrenstrasse are always full of people. There are many cozy restaurants and pubs, as well as pubs for every taste.

In February, during the carnival, Cologne becomes a place of pilgrimage for millions of tourists from all over the world. At this time, the atmosphere of fun and general celebration reigns in the city. Carnival opens with the “Three Crazy Days” leading up to the famous Pink Monday, when the holiday reaches its highest point.

Cologne (Germany)

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Chimgan, Tashkent Region (Uzbekistan) https://www.programingplease.com/chimgan-tashkent-region-uzbekistan.html Fri, 08 Jul 2022 05:51:51 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1309 One of the most popular ski resorts in Uzbekistan – Chimgan – is located 80 km northeast of Tashkent on the slopes of the Chimgan Mountains at an altitude of 1600 m. The Chimgan Mountains are part of the Chatkal Range of the Western Tien Shan. The ski slopes are located on the northern slopes of the mountains, so the ski season here is quite long – from December to March. These places are part of the Ugam-Chatkal National Park, which protects the biodiversity of the mountain landscapes of the Western Tien Shan. It is worth remembering that at the entrance you will have to pay an environmental fee, as this is a protected area.

Back in the late 19th century, at the foot of the Chimgan Mountains, the Tashkent governor Konstantin Petrovich von Kaufman built a holiday home, followed by the entire elite. The Chimgan ski area has 24 pistes of all difficulty levels. The maximum mark is located at an altitude of 1980 m. Slalom tracks of an increased level of difficulty, there are about 5 of them, have a height difference of about 400 m and are serviced by a chair lift, tracks for beginners have a height difference of 250 m and are serviced by a ski lift. In addition, in Chimgan there are many short rope tows that take beginners to gentle slopes where you can learn this sport. In Chimgan there is an equipment rental point and a ski school with experienced instructors. In addition to skiing, in Chimgan you can go snowboarding, freeride (heliskiing and backcountry) or ride snowmobiles, sleds and skates. During the summer, Chimgan offers numerous routes through the surrounding mountainous landscapes, horseback riding or paragliding.

Right at the foot of the slopes there are hotels, cafes and bars. The most extensive hotel complex in Chimgan is “Chimgan Oromgokhi”. This is not just a hotel., but a whole mountain-climatic resort. “Chimgan Oromgokhi” consists of several nine-storey buildings and many cottages. Its infrastructure includes a restaurant, a bar, a night club, a billiard room, tennis courts, a sauna, indoor and outdoor pools, massage rooms, indoor and outdoor sports grounds, 4 conference rooms, a business center, a laundry and a currency exchange office. Also, tourists are offered three-star hotels “Sky Village” and “Red House” and two-star “Snow Leopard” for accommodation in Chimgan. These hotels were built at the beginning of the 21st century. The first two are made in the style of alpine cottages, they have a developed infrastructure, which includes a restaurant, a bar, a nightclub, a conference room, a business center, a sauna, a solarium, 5 km from Chimgan on the slopes of Mount Kumbel (2200m) at an altitude of 1600 m is the Beldersay ski resort. The maximum height of the complex reaches 2880 m, so the ski season here is longer than on Chimgan, it lasts from November to April. The elevation difference in Beldersay is about 700 m. Most of the slopes are aimed at confident skiers and snowboarders and are classified as “black” and “red”. Their length ranges from 500 to 1200 m. All tracks are divided into three ski areas: the upper one, which is served by a ski lift, the lower one, served by a chairlift, and the extreme skiing zone with non-rolled snow fields. Also, the slopes of Mount Kumbel are popular among freeride enthusiasts (heliski and backcountry). It is worth remembering that many virgin slopes are prone to avalanches, so you can go here only with experienced instructors, whose services are offered at the ski school. In summer, Beldersay turns into a major mountain-climatic resort, travel in the mountains. For accommodation there is a health-improving center “Beldersay Oromgokhi” with an area of ​​50 hectares, consisting of hotel buildings and cottages. “Beldersay Oromgokhi” has a restaurant, several bars, a conference hall, a business center, a laundry, a first-aid post, a sauna, indoor and outdoor pools and a billiards room, tennis courts and mini-football fields.

Just below the ski slopes at an altitude of 890 m on the southern shore of the Charvak reservoir, there is another mountain-climatic resort “Charvak Oromgohi”. The resort consists of three comfortable hotels, which have restaurants, night bars, saunas, massage rooms, a conference room and a business center. In the summer, a large number of tourists accumulate on the beaches of the lake, here you can swim and sunbathe, ride boats and catamarans or go fishing. In winter, skiers wishing to go in for heliskiing go to Charvak Oromgohi, as there is a helipad on the territory of the complex. Heliskiing is a descent from mountain peaks on skis and snowboards through virgin snow fields, where tourists are delivered by helicopters. Similar descents in the Chimgan Mountains are carried out at altitudes from 1500 to 4100 m. MI-8 helicopters are used to reach the peaks. The optimal group size is 15 people.

According to Petsinclude, another popular winter sport in the Chimgan Mountains is backcountry. It combines elements of hiking, mountaineering, skiing and snowboarding. Tourists go to the virgin slopes on foot. Climbing takes about 2 hours, after which descents are made.

In the summer, the Chimgan Mountains attract hikers. The slopes of the mountains are covered with juniper and apple forests, thickets of wild rose and barberry, stormy mountain rivers flow here and numerous lakes and waterfalls are located. Excursions to the Ugam-Chatkal National Park, the Chatkal Reserve and small villages where you can taste Uzbek cuisine depart from local resort complexes.

Ugam-Chatkal National Park was created in 1990 in the gorges of the Chatkal Range. Its territory has been little changed by human activity and is designed to preserve the mountain ecosystems of this region. The area of the park is 574,600 hectares. Its administration is located in the small town of Gazalkent, located 60 km northeast of Tashkent. on the left bank of the Chirchik River. The difference in altitude within the national park (from 1000 to 4000 m) determined the diversity of climate and vegetation. Here you can see not only mountain forests, but also mountain steppe, alpine meadows and highlands with glaciers and snowfields. Walnut, apple and cherry plum grow in the middle belt of mountains, from a height of 1200 m and above – mixed forests with a predominance of juniper (juniper), mountain ash, birch, maple, apple, wild cherry and hawthorn, at an altitude of about 2000 m – juniper woodlands, at an altitude above 2500 m – subalpine vegetation. The park preserves the habitats of about 48 species of various mammals, among them wild boar, white-clawed bear, badger, wolf, fox, porcupine are common, roe deer, Siberian mountain goat and snow leopard are less common. About 200 species of birds have been recorded in the park, including 130 nesting ones. Here you can see different species of eagles, falcons, owls, pigeons, doves, buntings, thrushes, flycatchers, tits and warblers. 20 species of fish live in the reservoirs of the park: marinka, naked osman, char, Tashkent perch, Turkestan catfish, Chatkal sculpin. Issyk-Kul and rainbow trout are also found in the Charvak reservoir.

The Chatkal Biosphere Reserve is located in the southern part of the Ugam-Chatkal National Park.. It was organized in 1947. The area of the reserve is 45739 hectares. Its territory consists of two sections – Bashkyzylsay and Maidantal. The first is located on the southwestern slopes of the Chatkal Range at an altitude of 1100 – 3247 m, the second is on the hard-to-reach northern slopes at an altitude of 1200 – 3800 m and is more than 30 km away from the first. The landscapes of the reserve are represented by mountain slopes with juniper forests, high mountains with alpine low-grass meadows, as well as xerophytic mountain meadows and steppes. The reserve is famous for its waterfalls and caves. In addition, in the southern part of the Maidantal site on the rocks near the banks of the Tereksai River in the Karasau tract, you can see unique ancient rock paintings. These are Tereksai petroglyphs. There are hunting scenes here. Fishing is possible in the reserve. Of the fish, marinka and Amu Darya char are common here. Also in the Chatkal Reserve are very interesting ornithological tours.

Chimgan, Tashkent Region (Uzbekistan)

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Oviedo, Asturias (Spain) https://www.programingplease.com/oviedo-asturias-spain.html Fri, 01 Jul 2022 03:34:52 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1306 The city of Oviedo is the capital of the autonomous region of Asturias. It is located in the center of the region at the foot of Mount Naranjo. It is believed that the city was founded in the 8th century by the monks Maximo and Fromestanus, who decided to build a church here. In 808, King Alphonse II chose Oviedo as the capital of the kingdom of Asturias, but already at the beginning of the 10th century the capital was moved to León.

According to Paradisdachat, the main attractions of the Old Town are concentrated at the Plaza de Alfonso, where the Gothic Cathedral rises. It was built between the 14th and 16th centuries on the site of a pre-Romanesque church from the 9th century. The Cathedral attracts many pilgrims, because its treasury (Camara Santa) contains ancient relics that have become a symbol of Asturias and its struggle against the Arab invaders – the Cross of Angels and the Cross of Victory. The treasury is located in the chapel of the 9th century, this is the only building that has survived from the early church, on the site of which the cathedral was erected. Also in the Cathedral is a museum of religious art.

In the vicinity of the cathedral, it is worth visiting the Archaeological Museum, located in the Benedictine monastery of St. Vincent of the 8th century, and the Museum of Fine Arts, which is located in the Velarde Palace of the 17th century. Other sights of the city include Square of the Constitution of the 17th century with the building of the City Hall, Plaza Fountain, where the vast market complex of El Fontan (17-18th century) is located, the building of the University of Oviedo(16-17th century), whose facade is made in the plateresque style, the medieval fountain of La Foncalada (9th-10th centuries), the main city park of San Francisco, covering an area of 90 thousand square meters. m, shopping street Cale de Uriaand numerous bars serving excellent Asturian cider.

Around Oviedo there are unique examples of pre-Romanesque architecture of the 9th century: the churches of Santa Maria del Naranco, San Miguel de Lillo, San Julian de los Prados, Santa Maria de Bendones and San Pedro de Nora. The first two churches are located at the foot of Mount Naranjo on the northern outskirts of the city. They are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The original buildings of Santa Maria del Naranco and San Miguel de Lillo were part of the vast palace complex of King Ramiro I, who ruled Asturias in the middle of the 9th century. Santa Maria del Naranco was a palace and became a church in the 12th century. The building has a square shape and consists of two floors, interconnected by a series of external stairs. The second floor is framed by arcades and windows. Inside the church on the altar there is a Latin inscription with the date 886. The Church of San Miguel de Lillo, under King Ramiro I, served as a palace chapel and was built in honor of St. Michael the Archangel. Only a third of the original building has survived to this day. The Church of San Julian de los Prados, also known as Santullano, is located in the town of Pumarin on the northeastern outskirts of Oviedo. It is also included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The church was erected by order of King Alfonso II and until the 11th century was the largest Christian building in Spain. The interiors of the church are decorated with wall frescoes, atypical for religious buildings, with all kinds of geometric symbols in different colors. The Church of Santa Maria de Bendones is located east of Oviedo in the town of Bendones. It is also famous for its wall frescoes. The Church of San Pedro de Nora is located 13 km west of Oviedo. It is very similar to the church of San Julian de los Prados. You can also go from Oviedo to the city of Nava. (Nava) is the largest cider center in the country. The city is located 33 km east of Oviedo. It is worth visiting the Cider Museum.

Be sure to explore the Biscay coast of Asturias with its sandy beaches, port cities and quiet fishing villages, or the picturesque Cantabrian Mountains, stretching along the southern border of Asturias.

Puente Viesgo, Cantabria (Spain)

The city of Puente Viesgo is located 25 km south of Santander in the heart of the autonomous region of Cantabria. It is located at the foot of Mount Castillo, which houses the caves of El Castillo, Las Monedas, La Pasiega and Las Chimeneas. The walls of the caves are decorated with prehistoric images of animals, and their bottom and vault are dotted with stalactites and stalagmites. The rock paintings date from the Early Paleolithic to the Bronze Age. Every half an hour, excursions start in the underground galleries. The city of Puente Viesgo is also known as a spa resort that began to develop in the 18th century. Thermal springs were discovered in the valley of the river Pas, on which the city stands, even by the Romans. Today, local bicarbonate-chloride sodium-calcium waters with a temperature of about +35 degrees are used in the treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous systems, and are also used for general recovery of the body. Huge range of treatments offered by 4-star Hotel Grand Hotel Balneario. Here, in addition to all kinds of baths, showers, saunas, inhalations, massages and mud treatments, electrotherapy, mechanotherapy and pressure therapy are offered. The hotel is surrounded by a vast park.

In the vicinity of Puente Viesgo, it is worth visiting salmon and trout farms, the village of Socobio (Socobio) with the Romanesque church of Santa Cruz de Castañeda of the 12th century, which is located on the pilgrimage route of St. James, the spa resort of Las Caldas de Besaya (Las Caldas de Besaya), whose bicarbonate-chloride sodium radioactive waters have been used since the time of the Celts, or go on a tour of the picturesque valley of the Pas River. In the valley of the river Paz is another spa resort Alceda (Alceda), equipped on the basis of local sulfur sources, which are widely used in the treatment of skin diseases. To the east of Puente Viesgo, in the valley of the Pisueña river, lies the Peña

Cabarga mountain range, protected by the natural park of the same name (Pena Cabarga nature park). Over the course of millennia, as a result of erosion, bizarre landforms were formed here: various reddish karst formations mixed with green vegetation. The main attraction of the park is the Cabarceno Wildlife Park. (Cabarceno wildlife park) is the largest park of exotic animals in Europe. Here, on an area of more than 750 hectares, about 100 species of animals from 5 continents (tigers, lions, jaguars, elephants, giraffes, rhinos, hippos, antelopes, ostriches, etc.) have been collected. The park has paved roads that can be driven by car, as well as hiking and cycling trails. It hosts shows with the participation of marine animals and birds of prey. Also on the territory of the park, for the convenience of vacationers, picnic areas are equipped, shops, restaurants and cafes are open. Nearby is the town of Lierganes, where beautiful examples of architecture of the 17th and 18th centuries have been preserved and there is a spa resort.

Oviedo, Asturias (Spain)

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Murom, Russia https://www.programingplease.com/murom-russia.html Fri, 24 Jun 2022 12:51:36 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1304 According to Loverists, Murom is located on the high left bank of the Oka River, 137 km southeast of Vladimir.

The first mention of the city appeared in the Tale of Bygone Years and refers to 862. Archaeological excavations show that already in the 6th-7th centuries, a fortified settlement existed on the site of the modern city. For a long time, Murom was a border post on the eastern outskirts of Kievan Rus. It was located on the water trade route between Russia and Volga Bulgaria. The border position of Murom became the reason for periodic attacks on the city. At the beginning of the 11th century, Gleb, the son of the Kiev prince Vladimir, received Murom as an inheritance. In the middle of the XI century Murom became part of the Chernigov Principality and became the center of the Murom-Ryazan inheritance. In 1145, as a result of civil strife, the Murom-Ryazan land was divided into separate principalities – Murom and Ryazan. The Principality of Murom fell under the hand of the Vladimir princes. In 1237, Murom was defeated by Batu Khan. Tatar raids were repeated regularly. And after another raid in 1293, the surviving residents left the city.

The city was revived only in the middle of the XIV century, under Prince Yuri Yaroslavich. In 1392, the son of Dmitry Donskoy – Vasily I – annexed Murom to the Moscow principality, making it a major trading center. Murom blacksmiths and tanners were known far beyond the principality, their products were exported for sale by foreign merchants and merchants from other Russian cities. However, as a result of a pestilence in 1570 and the famine that began after it, the city fell into decay for a long time. During the Time of Troubles, the city was devastated and burned by the troops of Pan Lisovsky. Murom gradually revived and again became an important trading center in the middle of the 16th century.

Murom Kremlin XVII century was located on the steep high bank of the Oka and was made of wood. The double fortress walls were surrounded by an earthen rampart. The Kremlin was connected to the settlement by two wooden bridges – Bazarny and Spassky. In the second half of the 18th century, at the direction of Catherine II, the Kremlin was dismantled due to dilapidation, and the moat from the side of the Nikolsky and Bazarny gates was filled up.

Under Catherine II, in 1764, as in almost all Russian cities, redevelopment was carried out, as a result of which the city received a rectangular grid of streets, and in 1768 the city wall burned down (and was never restored again). In 1858, regular steamship traffic along the Oka began. In 1880, the construction of the Murom – Kovrov railway line was completed, which gave access to the Moscow – Nizhny Novgorod, and in 1912 the Moscow – Kazan railway passed through Murom. Nowadays, mechanical engineering is developed in Murom, the city is also a place of pilgrimage and is included in the Orthodox route. Currently, in the small city of Murom, there are four active monasteries: two male (Savior Transfiguration and Annunciation) and two female (Trinity and Resurrection) and several parish churches. One of the oldest monasteries of Holy Russia is located in Murom – the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery. According to legend, the monastery arose on the site of the fortified court of the first prince of Murom, Gleb, who built the wooden church of the All-Merciful Savior. Its original name was Spassky on Bor. It was first mentioned in the annals in 1096. The monastery was ruined four times: from Khan Batu, from the Polish Pan Lisovsky, after the reform of Empress Catherine II, in 1918. The monastery was reopened in 1995. The main temple of the monastery is the five-domed stone Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior. The construction of the cathedral is usually attributed to the 1560s. It was erected by order of Ivan the Terrible in memory of the victory over Kazan on the site of the wooden Church of the Savior. The cathedral is distinguished by strict simplicity, as well as monumentality and some severity, since it served during the siege as a place of storage of valuables and a refuge for residents. During the restoration of the Spassky Cathedral in 1885, significant changes were made to its appearance. In 1690, Metropolitan Barsanuphius of Sarsk built a two-storey church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos. The Church of the Intercession is unusual in that the church itself is located on the second floor, and the first floor houses a bakery, a cook’s room and pantries. The superior building of the Spassky Monastery is the only brick civil building of the 17th century that has survived in the city; it was built in 1687.

The Trinity Convent was founded in 1642 by a wealthy merchant Tarasy Borisov. In the spirit of the latest trends in Moscow architecture, he built the stone Trinity Cathedral on the site of a wooden church founded back in 1351 by Prince Yuri Yaroslavich. At the monastery there was a parochial school for girls. The Trinity Monastery, like all Murom monasteries, was closed in the 1920s. Reopened in 1991. Its architectural ensemble has been preserved almost completely. The Trinity Monastery was revived in May 1991. On the territory of the monastery you can see the Trinity Cathedral of 1642-1643, the gate Kazan Church of 1648, the bell tower of 1652, the wooden church of St. Sergius of Radonezh (the beginning of the 18th century).

Male Annunciation Monastery was founded in 1553 on the site of the Church of the Annunciation by vow by John IV. According to legend, the first temple of the Annunciation of the Mother of God was built in the fortified settlement of Prince Konstantin, who baptized the inhabitants of the Murom land at the end of the 11th – beginning of the 12th centuries. The cruel Murom pagans, not wanting to accept the prince, killed his youngest son Mikhail. The body of the murdered Prince Mikhail was laid next to the temple. In the 16th century, the church-wide canonization of the Right-Believing Prince Konstantin and his children Mikhail and Fyodor was carried out. During the construction of a stone temple, tombs with the relics of princes were found on the site of a wooden one. In the middle of the XVII century. instead of the wooden gate church of St. Archdeacon Stefan, a stone one was built. The monastery was closed in 1919. The brethren settled in the city, continuing to serve in the Cathedral of the Annunciation. In 1940 the cathedral was closed, but in 1942 it was reopened, already as a parish, the only employee in the city until the 1990s, so the cathedral retained its original interior decoration. Reopened in 1992.

The Resurrection Convent was founded no later than the 16th century. In the 17th century At the expense of the Murom merchants Cherkasovs, stone churches are being built: the Church of the Entry into the Temple of the Most Holy Theotokos and the Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ. The monastery existed until 1764. From 1764 to the 1920s temples were considered ordinary parish churches. Reopened in 2001.

Other religious sights of Murom include the Nikolo-Naberezhnaya Church (1700-1717), the Smolensk Church (1804-1838) and the Cosmodamian Church (1564).

In the center of Murom you can see the water tower. It was built in 1864 by the mayor merchant Ermakov. Water was supplied through wooden pipes to the standpipes. At that time, Murom was one of the few cities that had such a water supply system. Water columns can be seen on the streets of Murom to this day.

There is also a monument to Ilya Muromets in Murom, who holds a cross in one hand and a sword in the other. At the entrance to the city from the side of Vladimir, there is an Epic stone with an inscription in Old Church Slavonic. You can visit the village Karacharovo, in which the epic hero Ilya Muromets was born. The village is now part of Murom. There you can see the hut of the descendants of Ilya Muromets, the church of Guria, Samon and Aviv, the Trinity Church, the estate of the counts Uvarovs (XVIII-XIX centuries), and also visit the numerous springs that arose from the blow of the hooves of the horse of Ilya Muromets.

Murom, Russia

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Landmarks of India https://www.programingplease.com/landmarks-of-india.html Fri, 17 Jun 2022 01:56:24 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1301 According to Localbusinessexplorer, India is the largest country in South Asia. Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism originated here. All religions have influenced the culture of the country, as well as the rulers who ruled on its territory in different historical periods. Before independence, India was in the possession of nomadic tribes, ancient dynasties, the Mughal Empire and European countries. Selecting the main sights of India is a difficult task, because every corner of this country is unique in its own way and requires special attention. But we tried, and we suggest you start your acquaintance with the colorful state by visiting the following places:

  • Taj Mahal is a mausoleum in Agra, made of white marble in honor of the wife of Emperor Shah Jahan. It took 20 years to build the monument. This is the best example of Mughal architecture. Around the mausoleum is a garden in a traditional Persian style. More than 3 million tourists visit the Taj Mahal every year. In 1983, the mausoleum was included in the UNESCO list. In addition to the Taj Mahal, Agra and its environs have other main sights of India – the fortification of Agra Fort and the ancient city of Fatehpur Sikri, which was the capital of the Mughal Empire in the 16th century.
  • Ajanta is a complex of 29 caves carved into the rock. 5 of them served as temples, and the rest served as additional monastic premises. The oldest shrine dates back to the 1st century BC. e., but in general the construction of the entire complex lasted several centuries. Ajanta strikes with the richness of architectural forms, sculptures and wall images of the earthly transformations of the Buddha. These murals are not only a work of art, but also a valuable source of knowledge about life in India in ancient times.
  • The Qutub Minar is the world’s tallest brick minaret built by several dynasties of Muslim rulers. For the construction of Qutub Minar, as an Islamic shrine, stone was used from the ruins of Hindu temples. So it turned out the merging of two religions in one architectural structure.
  • Manas is a national park in the state of Assam. Rare species of animals live here: golden langur, Bengal tiger, bristly hare, pygmy pig. Also in the reserve you will see a large population of hornbills and other birds. The natural attractions of India play an important role in the conservation of the planet’s fauna, many of which are UNESCO sites. In addition to the Manas Reserve, visit Kaziranga National Park, home to one-horned rhinos, Keoladeo National Park, a wintering ground for birds of various species, and others.
  • The Mahabodhi Temple is a popular shrine worth planning a visit to if you are looking for something interesting to see in India. Its second name is the Temple of Great Enlightenment. It was on the territory of this complex that the Mahabodhi tree once grew, under which the founder of Buddhism, Siddhartha Gautama, achieved enlightenment and became the Buddha. The exact date of construction of the shrine is unknown. But it is believed that the buildings that have survived to this day were erected during the Gupta dynasty in their characteristic style.

India: Money and currency of India

Before traveling to Goa, Kerala, Delhi, it is worth studying what currency is in India and with what monetary units it is better to go to the largest country in South Asia.
The official currency of the state is the Indian rupee, which is equal to 100 paise. Its international designation is INR, but on the price tags before the number they usually write – Re, or Rs for the plural. In the cash circulation there are banknotes with a denomination multiple of 5 – from 5 rupees to 2000. Mahatma Gandhi is depicted on the front side of all banknotes, and Indian memos are shown on the back: the Temple of the Sun, the Red Fort, Ellora and others.

It is better to go to the country with dollars, since it will be unprofitable to change another currency for local money. As for the course, for 100 USD you will receive within 7000 rupees. However, before traveling, it is better to check the current information at the exchange office.

You can buy Indian rupees at airports upon arrival, hotels, exchange points and offices of some travel agencies. For those who are wondering where it is profitable to exchange rupees, we recommend bank branches. The best course is given there.

Traveler’s checks can also be cashed in India. Those produced by American Express and Thomas Cook are preferred. But payment by card is not possible everywhere. ATMs in major cities only dispense local currency, so check with your bank in advance on which card, Mastercard or Visa, there will be a direct KZT-INR conversion so as not to overpay the commission for double conversion through USD. At the same time, when cashing out money, 1% of the transaction amount is charged, but not less than 217 INR (3 USD).

There is no exact answer to the question “ how to pay in India ” – no. Dollars are accepted in the market and in shopping centers, but it is better to have small denomination banknotes with you, since the seller will most likely not find change from a 50-dollar bill, or the exchange rate provided by the merchant will be unfavorable. For small expenses and tips, the currency of India – rupees – is useful.

Landmarks of India

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Sights of Indonesia https://www.programingplease.com/sights-of-indonesia.html Thu, 09 Jun 2022 17:27:30 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1299 According to Intershippingrates, Indonesia undoubtedly has the most impressive sights in Southeast Asia: natural phenomena, architectural monuments, art and culture of more than 150 peoples. Here you will see a blazing sunset; admire the colored lakes that fill the craters of the Keli Mutu volcano on Flores; climb the eighth tier of Borobudur – poems in stone; see huge dragons on Komodo Island; go trekking in the mountains of Irian Java; sunbathe on the magnificent beaches of Bali; catch a giant butterfly in Sulawesi; descend into the crater of an active volcano; sail to Krakatoa – the most famous volcano on the planet; learn the art of batik making and any Indonesian child will show you how to make a kite.

The originality of the architecture and traditional art of Indonesia is due to the influence of different and sharply different cultures and civilizations – Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim and European. Already in the first centuries of our era, the peoples of the island of Java (its culture has long been the leading one) accepted Buddhism and Hinduism under Indian influence. Indian and local traditions combined in the classical art of Java, including architecture.

The oldest surviving architectural monuments are small graceful Hindu temples (“chandi”) on the Dieng plateau. in Central Java (7th – early 8th century). They are compact cubic arrays on stepped bases topped with pyramids. The most grandiose sanctuary in Java is Borobudur (late VIII – early IX century). This is a natural hill lined with andesite blocks. It looks like a stepped sloping pyramid crowned with a stupa. Countless reliefs on the galleries of the terraces of Borobudur, Buddha statues tell about the earthly life of the Buddha and his reincarnations. Since the 8th century, Hinduism has become the state religion in Java and neighboring islands. The Hindu temple complex of Lara Jonggrang in Prambanan (late 9th – early 10th century) combines three large temples, five smaller sanctuaries and numerous chapels. The slender and soaring main temple of Shiva is especially beautiful. temple complex Panataran (XIV – early XV century) in East Java is very refined; its free, irregular form is unusual. Numerous Hindu temples of the island of Bali, decorated with luxurious ornamental carvings, also belong to the same era.

Since the 16th century, Islam has been in Indonesia, and the traditions of Hindu culture have been lost. They survived only on the island of Bali, whose population still professes Hinduism. In the rest of Indonesia, mosques and palaces of local rulers (“cratons”) began to be dominated by motifs of Muslim architecture in Asian countries. With the establishment of Dutch rule in Indonesia (XVII century), cities were built according to the European model. On numerous islands, many peoples of Indonesia have developed arts and crafts.

Central Java is famous for products made of gold and silver, daggers of a peculiar shape – krises. Java is the birthplace of batik (a multi-colored fabric of a special painting technique) of amazingly beautiful patterns and colors. On all the islands, mats, kitchen utensils, bags are woven from bamboo and coconut palm leaves. In Bali, art crafts, painting, popular prints have reached popularity. The types of folk dwellings are diverse – from huts (West Irian) and light bamboo houses on stilts to large wooden communal houses (among the Dayaks of Kalimantan, sometimes the whole village lives in one huge house).

The highest point in Indonesia is Mount Jaya. Its snow-white peak rises above dense tropical forests in one of the most inaccessible corners of the island of New Guinea. Eternal snow and glaciers near the equator is also one of the natural wonders that Indonesia is so rich in.

Jakarta is a colossal metropolis; the magnificent museum complex “Indonesia in miniature” Taman Mini – with temples and fantastic birds under a wire dome; An hour’s drive from Jakarta is the Puncak Safari Open Zoo.

Among the sights of Indonesia in Jakarta are the Archaeological Museum; several temples of times equal to the empire; Willem Church (1835); presidential palace; National Museum. In the city of Ujungpandang on the island of Sulawesi – Fort Vredenburn; Museum of Folk Art.

Sights of Indonesia

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Sri Lanka Foreign Trade https://www.programingplease.com/sri-lanka-foreign-trade.html Fri, 03 Jun 2022 14:10:53 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1286 According to Homeagerly, the official name of the state is Sri Lanka. On an area of ​​65,607 km 2 there were (March 1953) 8,103,648 residents distributed as in the table.

From an origin point of view there were, on the same date, 7,091,513 nationals (5,621,332 Sinhalese, 908,705 Tamil, 648,140 Moor, 28,736 Malays, 43,816 Burgher, 20,678 belonging to minor groups); 983,304 Indians; 5,749 Pakistanis; 6,909 Europeans; the rest of other nationalities. From the point of view of the religious denomination, the population appeared to be divided as follows: 5,217,143 Buddhists; 1,614,004 Hindus; 714,874 Christians; 541,812 Muslims; the rest followers of other confessions. The last census, in 1958, provides for the total population of the island the figure of 9,200,000 residents Among the cities with over 20,000 residents, in addition to those mentioned in the table, Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia (80,086); Kalutara (20,354); Kolonnawa (21,385); Kotte (53,862); Matara (27,697); Moratuwa (58,160); Negombo (38,591); Panadura (20,380).

Foreign trade. – The economic development possibilities of Ceylon have been carefully studied by a mission of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development specially invited to the island by the local government. For the moment the main economic resource remains agriculture with a prevalence of products destined for export over consumption ones; in fact, of the 1.4 million ha of cultivated land, about 405,000 ha are coconut trees, about 240,000 ha are occupied by rubber trees, and about 225,000 ha are tea plantations. In the years 1951-1956, exports almost offset imports, both of them, hovering around 2 billion rupees per year with a slight difference in favor of the former. Although most of the cultivated area is occupied by coconut, the most exported product remains tea (for a value of 1,043,847,280 rupees in 1956); among the imported products the first place is held by rice (for a value of 263.689.483 rupees in 1956) followed by sugar (for a value of 95.723.541 rupees in 1956), cotton products (for a value of 86.944.806 rupees in 1956), etc. Commercial exchanges took place mainly with Great Britain and the nations of the Commonwealth, the USA, China, Japan and, occasionally, with some European or Mediterranean countries. In October 1957, a five-year economic agreement was entered into between Sri Lanka and the People’s Republic of China, with effect from January 1, 1958.

Under this agreement, Sri Lanka undertakes to sell 30,000 tons of rubber to the People’s Republic of China at normal market prices, and to buy 200,000 tons of rice in exchange. In 1959 the volume of trade between the two countries reached the figure of 124,600,000 rupees. The People’s Republic of China will also export textiles, coal, cement and foodstuffs to the island, and has undertaken the commitment to donate to Sri Lanka a textile factory worth 70 million rupees (equal to 5 million 250 thousand pounds).

The commercial activity of the port of Colombo (the largest on the island) has grown enormously since the economic plan that takes its name from Colombo became operative and which made the city perhaps the most important port of call in the south-eastern part of the continent. Asian.

History. – Having obtained independence within the British Commonwealth (February 4, 1948), the island had to face mainly internal settlement problems.

Of these the most serious was the linguistic one. Continuing the use of English as an official language would have meant not only impairing the acquired independence, but preventing the development of a modern national culture which is regarded as the best sanction and the surest guarantee of independence itself. The legislative provision, approved in June 1956, which makes Sinhala (about 6 million speakers according to data from 1953) the official language of Sri Lanka, also aroused the reactions of alloglot groups, especially that of Tamils, the most conspicuous of them for number (nearly 2 million including Indian Tamils) and cultural traditions, established mainly in the Eastern and Northern provinces. Violent clashes between Sinhalese and Tamils ​​took place in the same June 1956 and, rejected by the government the proposal to create an administratively and linguistically autonomous Tamil state, again in May 1958. Although the legislative provision was not revoked, the most strenuous nationalists (also opposed to the adoption of modern Western systems in terms of medical therapy, etc..) did not hesitate to accuse the government of inability to defend Sinhalese interests. Proponent of this uncompromising nationalism was above all the Buddhist clergy whose heavy intervention in the political life of the island culminated in the assassination of the incumbent prime minister, Solomon Bandaranaike, perpetrated by a monk on September 25, 1958. W. Dahanayate was appointed prime minister, whose government was also forced to call new elections (20 July 1960) following which Mrs. Sirimavo RD Bandaranaike, widow of Solomon Bandaranaike, assumed the government. Although at the conference of Afro-Asian countries held in Bandung (Indonesia) in April 1955, C. sided with Iran and Pākistān, among the nations inclined to a policy of alliance with the West, its relations with the People’s Republic of China have remained good, as evidenced by the aforementioned trade agreements and the official visit to the island by the Chinese foreign minister Chou En-lai (31 January-5 February 1957).

Since January 1956 Sri Lanka is part of the UN. In January 1958 all public transport on the island was nationalized and in June of the same year the embarkation services of the port of Colombo with the creation of the Port (Cargo) Corporation. In the sphere of culture there has been a notable resumption of studies on the oldest history of the island, and of archaeological and epigraphic research (deciphering of the metric inscriptions of Sīgiri).

Finances. – The Central Bank of Ceylon went into operation in August 1950. In January 1952, the gold content of the rupee was established at 0.186621 grams of fine. The parity with the dollar is 4.76190 rupees to 1 US dollar.The ratio of 13.33 rupees to 1 pound has been kept unchanged since 1931.

Sri Lanka Foreign Trade

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Greenland Overview https://www.programingplease.com/greenland-overview.html Fri, 27 May 2022 08:12:07 +0000 https://www.programingplease.com/?p=1283 According to Getzipcodes, Greenland (Danish Grønland) is the largest Arctic land and the largest island on Earth (2,175,600 km 2, including 44,800 of the coastal islands, with 57,600 residents in 2009), located between the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, from which it separates it Davis Strait (and to which it approaches NW of about twenty km), and Iceland, from which it is separated by the Denmark. It has the shape of a trapezoid, with a maximum length of 2650 km (from the Capo Morris Jesup at Cape Farvel) and a maximum width of 1050 km.

A Danish colony since 1721, Greenland has been a county of Denmark (capital Godthåb) since 1953, administered by a governor and represented in parliament by two deputies. Since 1979 it has enjoyed internal autonomy, with its own legislative assembly and government. In 2008, greater autonomy was approved by referendum, with the possibility of directly managing natural resources, a prelude to total independence from Denmark. Formally autonomous from Denmark since June 2009, in 2013 Greenland took an important step towards greater independence from Copenhagen: in October the local parliament approved the decision to drop the ban imposed by Denmark on the extraction of uranium and rare earths, and open the doors to foreign investment. The decision appears to be the expression of a more decisive desire for independence from the motherland, which has control over foreign and security policy decisions and which grants substantial economic subsidies. Although the decision of the Nuuk parliament requires ratification by the Danish parliament, it already clarifies the orientation of the social democratic government of Aleqa Hammond: Greenland is becoming aware of the great potential of its territory and intends to gain a say in the wider dispute over the exploitation of the natural resources of the Arctic lands.

Exploration

It was discovered around 900 AD by Norwegian settlers from Iceland and Erik the Ross or settled there between 982 and 984, naming it Grønland (“Green Land”); other settlements followed along the SW coast, where the island was better accessible. Around 1000 Christianity was introduced there. In the 13th century. the settlers, Icelandic and Norwegian, were 2000 or 3000 and lived on fishing. But towards the end of the 15th century. communications with Europe became more rare, also following the worsening of climatic conditions, and the settlers partly perished and partly merged with the indigenous Inuit. From the 16th century. was again a destination for sailors (Gaspar de Corte-Real, M. Frobisher, J. Davis and W. Baffin) who were looking for the Northwest Passage. Danes and Norwegians also sailed to the island. In 1721 HP Egede, a Norwegian, settled on the west coast, and during the 18th century. missionaries, merchants, government agents extended the occupation.

With the 19th century. the problem of coastal recognition arose and the Danish Navy began precision surveys. The first fundamental scientific study of the colonized strip is due to the Danish HJ Rink between 1848 and 1855. EA Inglefield, English, in 1858 discovered the entrance to the Smith Sound (today’s Nares Strait). Despite the ice barriers, knowledge of the east coast was also improving: WA Graah (1828) traveled it from Cape Farewell up to 65 ° 30 ‘; the Scotsman W. Scoresby (1827) measured the profile between 69 ° 15 ‘and 75 ° 12’. In 1898-99 the Danish GC Amdrup explored the stretch between 65 ° and 70 ° and the Swedish AG Nathorst made new discoveries in the Franz Joseph fjord. At the beginning of the 20th century. the gaps between the northern extremes of the east and west coasts were filled, defining the coastal features towards the Arctic basin. F. Nansen was the first to cross the great internal glacier in 1888, after having traveled 560 km.

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Gneiss and granites form the base of the Greenland, on the margins of which Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary rocks and Cenozoic basaltic flows were deposited. The island is covered for 6/7 by inlandsis, an ice sheet with an average thickness of 1500 m, which extends for 1,650,000 km 2. This blanket has an asymmetrical profile, because the highest part is closer to the eastern coast (Monte Forel, 3360 m; Monte Petermann, 2940 m) than to the western one. Inlandsis is, on the whole, very monotonous. However, there are various higher areas separated by large depressions; at 75 ° N you go over 3000 m, in the center you reach 3150 m and S you go over 2700 m. After Tibet, Greenland is the largest land region over 2000 m high. Towards the dell’inlandsis margin protrude nunataks, isolated rocky ridges (perhaps remains of the Caledonian folds). Inlandsis is crossed in summer by melting streams and ends mostly with tongues of ice that reach the sea to the West and NE (not to the N, where the Land of Peary is largely uncovered) and from which the icebergs detach. The narrow, ice-free coastal strip is sculpted by glacial erosion and features deep fjords, valleys and towering moraines.

Two are the most notable facts in the climate of Greenland: the existence of the vast mass of ice and the persistence, which follows, of an area of ​​high pressure between marginal depressions, which forms one of the major centers of action of the circulation North American atmospheric. The resulting atmospheric currents, as descendants, take on aspects of alpine Föhn, producing similar consequences (arid streaks between the edge of the ice region and the coastline, löss and aeolian erosions). The climate is polar: on the whole, there are very rigid and long winters, and summers that are gradually shorter as you proceed towards the N, where averages above 0 ° C are recorded only for three months a year. Likewise, rainfall decreases towards the N.

The fauna includes numerous mammals (polar bear, blue fox, reindeer, musk ox, polar hare, seals) and birds, especially palmipeds (gulls, glacial petrel, guillemots, loons, alks). There is a lack of reptiles and amphibians. The vegetation is made up of birch and willow bushes up to about 62 ° latitude, in the rest by shrub land (in which suffrutics of ericaceous prevail, interspersed with tall grasses, mosses and lichens) and tundras. The protected areas are extensive.

Population and economy

The population is made up of Inuit – who are usually divided into three groups: Eastern, Western and Polar Greenlanders – and Europeans, mostly settled in the centers of the southwestern coast. The structure of the economy, once only a subsistence period, has changed considerably following a gradual softening of the climate of the coastal area. In fact, the increase in the average temperature of marine waters has determined a strong increase in the fish stock, and therefore fishing, especially deep-sea fishing, is practiced with increasingly modern methods. Thus, ports and centers for cod processing and conservation (Christianshåb and Jakobshavn) have been created. Reindeer, polar fox and sheep breeding is developed, the latter mainly in the center of Julianehåb. Among the mineral resources, Ivigtut ; lead, zinc and graphite are also extracted. Greenland is connected to Denmark by regular air services and by navigation services during the summer season. It is then flown over by some polar routes.

Archeology

At the end of the Viking Age Greenland was attracted to the sphere of Scandinavian interests, as in 985 the Icelanders founded two colonies, Vesterbygd and Österbygd. It was a Norse population, devoted to agriculture and then to hunting and fishing. Norse society existed until around 1500 and the remains of more than 400 farms are now known. The basic construction materials were rough stone and peat; wood, scarce on the island, was present only as floated timber or as imported material. The building tradition of Greenland was Icelandic, but over time specific variants developed there, such as the centralized farm, where all functions were united under one roof. Buildings with dry stone masonry represented another variant, British Isles. These constructions were never houses, but churches or production facilities; Irrigation systems must also be included among the plants used for production functions.

Greenland Overview

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